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Mortality Among Persons with Both Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Aged ≥25 Years, by Industry and Occupation - United States, 1999-2016.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
June 2020
Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC.
Patients with asthma typically have chronic airway inflammation, variable airflow limitation, and intermittent respiratory symptoms; patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have fixed airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. Some patients exhibit features suggesting that they have both conditions, which is termed asthma-COPD overlap. These patients have been reported to have worse health outcomes than do those with asthma or COPD alone (1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmoking restrictions in bars and bartender smoking in the US, 1992-2007.
Tob Control
May 2011
Department of Economics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3125, USA.
Objective: The present work is an analysis of whether adoption of state clean indoor air laws (SCIALs) covering bars reduces the proportion of bartenders who smoke primarily by reducing smoking among people already employed as bartenders when restrictions are adopted or by changing the composition of the bartender workforce with respect to smoking behaviours.
Methods: Logistic regressions were estimated for a variety of smoking outcomes, controlling for individual demographic characteristics, state economic characteristics, and state, year, and month fixed effects, using data on 1380 bartenders from the 1992-2007 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey combined with data on SCIALs from ImpacTeen.
Results: State restrictions on smoking in bars are negatively associated with whether a bartender smokes, with a 1-point increase in restrictiveness (on a scale of 0-3) associated with a 5.
Two of the major themes in the community psychiatry movement have been the employment of new and different types of persons in service roles and the maintenance of clients in the community, whenever possible, with avoidance of institutionalisation. A logical outcome of the combination of these two themes has been an increasing interest in the role of persons with fixed social roles within the community as gatekeepers for actual direct service or appropriate referrals into the mental health service system. Police, clergy and bartenders are among the social roles that have received serious consideration and, in some cases, actual use as points of entry and actual service.
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