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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening for people presenting with advanced HIV disease (AHD) and for those with positive CrAg without evidence of meningitis to initiate preemptive antifungal medication. Data on the implementation of WHO recommendations regarding CrAg screening is limited. We estimated pooled prevalence of CrAg screening uptake, cryptococcal antigenemia, lumbar puncture, cryptococcal meningitis and initiation of preemptive antifungal medication from available eligible published studies conducted in Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFC. neoformans meningitis without pleocytosis, hyperproteinorrachia, and hypoglycorrhachia on cerebrospinal fluid studies.
Am J Emerg Med
January 2025
Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1250 East Marshall St., P.O. Box 980401, Richmond, VA 23298-0401, USA. Electronic address:
Diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis is typically aided through CSF analysis obtained via lumbar puncture (LP), revealing elevated WBCs, increased protein, decreased glucose, and increased opening pressure. While CSF culture confirms the diagnosis, it takes days, prompting reliance on these adjuncts. AIDS from Human Immunodeficiency Virus is less commonly diagnosed in the emergency setting due to advances in testing and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic mutations in Cryptococcus neoformans pyrimidine salvage pathway enzymes contribute to reduced susceptibility against 5-fluorocytosine.
NPJ Antimicrob Resist
September 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a high-mortality infection. Adding 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to its treatment improves outcomes, but resistance to 5-FC presents a significant challenge. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on seven C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVentriculoperitoneal shunt in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with intracranial hypertension.
J Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, The third affiliated hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Introduction: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) combined with intracranial hypertension is associated with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and prognostic factors of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) CM patients with intracranial hypertension.
Methodology: A total of 136 non-HIV CM patients with intracranial hypertension treated in our hospital from July 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively included.
Efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B in treating fungal meningitis in AIDS Patients: A review article.
Egypt J Immunol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt.
Cryptococcal meningitis is an alarming fungal infection that usually affects the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The causative organism is Cryptococcus neoformans. Although this infection can occur in normal individuals, it is more often seen in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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