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Evaluation of external and radiological landmark methods for optimizing ultrasound-guided right internal jugular venous catheterization depth in cardiac surgery.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
The formula-based estimation of the right internal jugular venous (IJV) catheterization depth can be inaccurate when using ultrasound guidance. External landmark-based and radiological landmark-based methods have been proposed as alternatives to estimate the insertion depth. This study aimed to evaluate these methods using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided insertion depth as the reference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: White matter (WM) hyperintensities are bright areas on T2 MRI that reflect increased interstitial fluid caused by demyelination and axonal loss; these tissue alterations have been associated with cognitive impairment. Previous in-vivo studies have suggested that the underlying pathogenesis for WM changes differs between the anterior and posterior brain, with cerebrovascular disease contributing more to anterior WM lesions and neurodegenerative processes contributing more to posterior WM lesions.
Method: Periventricular (PV) and deep subcortical (DS) WM hyperintensities both in the anterior and posterior portions of the brain were identified using postmortem T2 MRI of cerebral hemispheres from the Biggs Institute Brain Bank (Figure 1) in 7 Alzheimer's Disease patients (four male, three female, average age 75).
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Departments of Psychiatry and Biostatistics, University of Iowa, IA, USA.
The Huntington's Disease Integrated Staging System (HD-ISS) comprises a biological research definition of HD and evidence-based staging centered on prognostic biological, clinical, and functional landmarks. It is the result of a formal consensus process within the Huntington's Disease Regulatory Science Consortium's Regulatory Science Forum (RSF), a working group made up of expert representatives from industry and academia. The RSF considered prognostic biomarkers, signs, and symptoms of HD, and performed empirical data analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
Background: Mitophagy is a process of intracellular protein homeostasis through which cells eliminate senescent and dysfunctional mitochondria. Altered mitophagy contributes to Alzheimer´s disease (AD) pathology and is associated with worse cognitive functions. We evaluated association of levels of mitophagy proteins (ULK1, BNIP3L, PINK1, and TFEB in serum and ULK1 and PINK 1 in cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) with spatial egocentric (body-centered) and allocentric (world-centered) navigation performance, which is typically impaired in early stages of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting VMPFC-amygdala circuit with TMS in substance use disorder: A mechanistic framework.
Addict Biol
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), located along the medial aspect of the frontal area, plays a critical role in regulating arousal/emotions. Its intricate connections with subcortical structures, including the striatum and amygdala, highlight the VMPFC's importance in the neurocircuitry of addiction. Due to these features, the VMPFC is considered a promising target for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in substance use disorders (SUD).
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