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Similar Publications

Intrathecal delivery of Macromolecules: Clinical status and emerging technologies.

Adv Drug Deliv Rev

August 2023

Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States. Electronic address:

The proximity and association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the intrathecal (IT) space with deep targets in the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma makes IT injection an attractive route of administration for brain drug delivery. However, the extent to which intrathecally administered macromolecules are effective in treating neurological diseases is a question of both clinical debate and technological interest. We present the biological, chemical, and physical properties of the intrathecal space that are relevant to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from CSF.

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Minimally Invasive Nasal Depot (MIND) technique for direct BDNF AntagoNAT delivery to the brain.

J Control Release

March 2021

Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America. Electronic address:

The limitations of central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery conferred by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been a significant obstacle in the development of large molecule therapeutics for CNS disease. Though significantly safer than direct CNS administration via intrathecal (IT) or intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection, the topical intranasal delivery of CNS therapeutics has failed to become clinically useful due to a variety of practical and physiologic drawbacks leading to high dose variability and poor bioavailability. This study describes the minimally invasive nasal depot (MIND) technique, a novel method of direct trans-nasal CNS drug delivery which overcomes the dosing variability and efficiency challenges of traditional topical trans-nasal, trans-olfactory strategies by delivering the entire therapeutic dose directly to the olfactory submucosal space.

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Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Ropivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia.

Clin Pharmacokinet

September 2018

Department of Pharmacology, EA3801, SFR CAP-Santé, Reims University Hospital, 51, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51095, Reims Cedex, France.

Background: Ropivacaine is frequently used in spinal anesthesia but the relationship between plasma concentrations and sensory block level remains unknown.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between plasma ropivacaine concentrations and effects during spinal anesthesia.

Methods: Sixty patients aged between 18 and 82 years were included in this study after providing written informed consent.

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Cytotoxic effect of commercially available methylprednisolone acetate with and without reduced preservatives on dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons in rats.

Pain Physician

July 2015

Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL; Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Phar.

Background: Epidural and intrathecal injections of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) have become the most commonly performed interventional procedures in the United States and worldwide in the last 2 decades. However neuraxial MPA injection has been dogged by controversy regarding the presence of different additives used in commercially prepared glucocorticoids. We previously showed that MPA could be rendered 85% free of polyethylene glycol (PEG) by a simple physical separation of elements in the suspension.

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Neoplastic meningitis from breast carcinoma with complete response to liposomal cytarabine: case report.

Neurol Sci

June 2009

Neuro Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.

Neoplastic meningitis from breast cancer often leads to a progressive neurologic deterioration followed by fatal outcome. The therapy is based on the administration of high dose systemic chemotherapy with drugs able to pass through the blood-brain barrier, such as methotrexate (MTX) and cytarabine, cranial or craniospinal irradiation, and intrathecal (IT) administration of MTX and/or cytarabine. However, these approaches only have modest efficacy and are associated with side effects for the patients.

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