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A genome-based survey of invasive pneumococci in Norway over four decades reveals lineage-specific responses to vaccination.
Genome Med
October 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Article Synopsis
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant global health threat, but pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have notably decreased cases of targeted serotypes.
- Research conducted over 41 years in Norway utilized whole-genome sequencing to analyze historical and contemporary isolates of S. pneumoniae, revealing shifts in serotype populations.
- Findings indicate that while PCVs have decreased invasive disease, they also led to some serotype switching to non-vaccine types, indicating a dynamic evolutionary response in the bacterial population.
To describe the profile of , identify research gaps, and provide in-depth insights into various aspects related to the pathogen. Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were searched for all studies on the pneumococcus in Ghana that reported on specimen collected, population and sample size, carriage prevalence, incidence of pneumococcal diseases, age of the study population, types of test performed, serotypes identified, antimicrobial susceptibilities, or molecular analysis on the pneumococci for data extraction. Overall, a total of 7954 results were obtained from the three-database search, and of this, 24 articles were selected after screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine six years post-introduction on pneumococcal carriage in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Nat Commun
August 2024
Infection, Immunity, and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed the long-term effects of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on pneumococcal carriage in infants and toddlers in Asia, with surveys conducted before (2015) and after (2017, 2022) its introduction.
- The findings revealed a decrease in carriage of PCV13 serotypes and a drop in resistance genes among toddlers six years after the vaccine was introduced, although overall pneumococcal density increased.
- The most common non-vaccine serotype identified in 2022 was Serotype 15A, mainly linked to a specific genetic lineage, suggesting that tracking these changes is vital for future vaccine development.
Improving prevention and early detection of sepsis among patient groups at risk: Introducing a model for a multimodal information campaign-The SepWiss study protocol.
PLoS One
July 2024
Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- - Sepsis is a severe condition that can cause death and is particularly risky for older adults and those with underlying health issues; around 90,000 people die from sepsis annually in Germany.
- - The SepWiss project aims to improve public awareness of sepsis and the importance of vaccinations through a targeted information campaign in Berlin and Brandenburg, focusing on high-risk groups.
- - The effectiveness of the campaign will be assessed by comparing vaccination rates and sepsis knowledge in the intervention area against a control region, along with a mixed-method evaluation of the campaign's implementation.
Otitis media: recent advances in otitis media vaccine development and model systems.
Front Microbiol
January 2024
Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Otitis media is an inflammatory disorder of the middle ear caused by airways-associated bacterial or viral infections. It is one of the most common childhood infections as globally more than 80% of children are diagnosed with acute otitis media by 3 years of age and it is a common reason for doctor's visits, antibiotics prescriptions, and surgery among children. Otitis media is a multifactorial disease with various genetic, immunologic, infectious, and environmental factors predisposing children to develop ear infections.
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