The effects of topical application of baicalein on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced promotion of skin tumors, hyperplasia, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and inflammation were evaluated in female CD-1 mice. Topical application of baicalein (0.08, 0.16, or 0.2 mumol) with TPA (5 nmol) twice weekly for 24 weeks to mice previously initiated with benzo[a]pyrene inhibited the number of TPA-induced tumors per mouse significantly. Preapplication of the same amount of baicalein also afforded significant protection against TPA-induced hyperplasia in the ear skin. Topical application of baicalein inhibited tumor promoter-caused induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity by TPA (5 nmol). The topical application of baicalein (0.008, 0.016, or 0.02 mumol) inhibited TPA-induced edema of mouse ears by 88%, 96%, or 97%, respectively. Pretreatment of mouse skin with various amounts of baicalein caused inhibition of H2O2 and myeloperoxidase formation by TPA. These results indicate that baicalein can be a potential cancer-chemopreventive agent against tumor promotion.
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