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Impact Of Open And Endovascular Caseload In Lower Limb Amputation In Portugal - An Analysis From 2000 To 2015.

Port J Card Thorac Vasc Surg

October 2024

Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular R&D Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia e Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.

Objectives: Effective revascularization is the cornerstone of limb salvage in chronic limb threatening ischemia. In recent years, less invasive endovascular revascularization techniques have supplanted surgical bypass as the primary mode of revascularization. The real impact of this transition is being increasingly questioned.

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Introduction: The historical evolution of abortion laws in the United States reflects significant shifts in societal attitudes and legal frameworks, particularly concerning reproductive rights and maternal consent. Prior to , abortion was largely criminalised, but gradual changes in public opinion and legislation paved the way for liberalised abortion laws.

Objective: This study aims to examine the legal and societal developments shaping abortion laws in the United States from the early 19th century to the pre- era, focusing on the interplay between public opinion and legislative milestones.

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Since the mid-twentieth century, the shared goal of healthcare systems of Canada and the Netherlands has been to achieve broad healthcare access and coverage for citizens despite their health system differences. However, the rhetoric of "state" control in Canada and "market" control in the Netherlands belies very different realities in both countries. A longer historical perspective uncovers the discrepancies between the rhetoric and reality of solidarity that has emerged - and still exists - in both countries.

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After a long-distance migration, Avars with Eastern Asian ancestry arrived in Eastern Central Europe in 567 to 568 CE and encountered groups with very different European ancestry. We used ancient genome-wide data of 722 individuals and fine-grained interdisciplinary analysis of large seventh- to eighth-century CE neighbouring cemeteries south of Vienna (Austria) to address the centuries-long impact of this encounter. We found that even 200 years after immigration, the ancestry at one site (Leobersdorf) remained dominantly East Asian-like, whereas the other site (Mödling) shows local, European-like ancestry.

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The invention of the string galvanometer by Willem Einthoven in 1901 ushered in a new era of clinical investigation. Previous instruments were capable only of rudimentary measurements that were of limited utility. Advances in physiology and engineering allowed Einthoven to construct a device that was uniquely capable of recording the minute electrical currents of the heart.

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