All three types of ionotropic glutamate receptors, AMPA, NMDA and kainate, contribute to the neurotransmission between inner hair cells (IHC) and afferent neurons in the mammalian cochlea. We used microiontophoretic techniques to investigate whether metabotropic glutamate receptors group I (mGluR I) are also involved in the transmission of IHC afferents of the guinea pig. The mGluR I agonist DHPG produced an increase in afferent firing, which lasted significantly longer than that of the ionotropic agonists AMPA and NMDA. The activation was reversibly blocked by the mGluR I antagonist AIDA in a dose-dependent manner. AIDA also diminished spontaneous activity, but only slightly affected the AMPA- or NMDA-induced firing rate. Our results suggest that mGluR I are involved in peripheral auditory processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199906230-00015 | DOI Listing |
Endocrinology
January 2025
Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kiss1) neurons are vital for maintaining fertility in the mammal. In the female rodent, Kiss1 neurons populate the anteroventral periventricular/periventricular nuclei (Kiss1AVPV/PeN) and the arcuate nucleus (Kiss1ARH). Kiss1ARH neurons (a.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry
January 2025
Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, laboratory Neuroscience Paris-Seine, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06 F-75005, Paris, France. Electronic address:
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
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National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio Str. 3B, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1 (sPD-L1) and Programmed Death 1 (sPD-1) molecules in plasma, along with urinary mRNA biomarkers-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (), Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (), and androgen receptor () genes-for identifying clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa), defined as pathological stage 3. In a cohort of 68 PCa patients, sPD-L1 and sPD-1 levels were quantified using ELISA, while mRNA transcripts were measured by RT-qPCR. Results highlight the potential of integrating these liquid-based biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Azriele Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel.
Provoked vulvodynia (PV) is the leading cause of vulvar pain and dyspareunia. The etiology of PV is multifactorial and remains poorly understood. PV is associated with a history of repeated vulvar inflammation and is often accompanied by sensory neuromodulation as a result of activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the sensory nerve terminals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, Trnava University and University Hospital, 917 02 Trnava, Slovakia.
The autoantibodies against the NR1 subunit are well known in the pathomechanism of NMDAR encephalitis. The dysfunction of the NR2 subunit could be a critical factor in this neurological disorder due to its important role in the postsynaptic pathways that direct synaptic plasticity. We report a case of paraneoplastic anti-NMDAR encephalitis presented alongside very severe illness.
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