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Proteins have proven to be useful agents in a variety of fields, from serving as potent therapeutics to enabling complex catalysis for chemical manufacture. However, they remain difficult to design and are instead typically selected for using extensive screens or directed evolution. Recent developments in protein large language models have enabled fast generation of diverse protein sequences in unexplored regions of protein space predicted to fold into varied structures, bind relevant targets, and catalyze novel reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToo Far From Relatives? Impact of the Genetic Distance on the Success of Exon Capture in Phylogenomics.
Mol Ecol Resour
January 2025
Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France.
The exon capture approach allows for sequencing a large number of loci to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships at varying taxonomic levels. In order to efficiently recover the targeted loci, the probes designed to capture the exons need to be genetically sufficiently similar to bind to the DNA, with a proposed limit of 10% of divergence. However, this threshold has never been tested with a specific protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza vaccine outcomes: a meta-analysis revealing morbidity benefits amid low infection prevention.
Eur Respir Rev
January 2025
Transplant Immunology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid Spain
Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with influenza viruses are a significant public health challenge. Annual vaccination against circulating influenza strains reduces hospitalisations and increases survival rates but requires a yearly redesign of vaccines against prevalent subtypes. The complex genetics of influenza viruses with high antigenic drift create an ongoing challenge in vaccine development to address dynamic influenza epidemiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineering a live-attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine to prevent RNA recombination by rewiring transcriptional regulatory sequences.
mBio
December 2024
Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Unlabelled: Recombination is a significant factor driving the evolution of RNA viruses. The prevalence and variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China have been increasing in complexity due to extensive interlineage recombination. When this recombination phenomenon occurs in live vaccine strains, it becomes increasingly difficult to prevent and control PRRSV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtremophiles and Extremophilic Behaviour-New Insights and Perspectives.
Life (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Extremophiles, throughout evolutionary time, have evolved a plethora of unique strategies to overcome hardships associated with the environments they are found in. Modifying their genome, showing a bias towards certain amino acids, redesigning their proteins, and enhancing their membranes and other organelles with specialised chemical compounds are only some of those strategies. Scientists can utilise such attributes of theirs for a plethora of biotechnological and astrobiological applications.
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