We studied the outcomes of 76 children, aged 3 to 12 years, with large tonsils and/or large adenoids who underwent surgery to relieve upper airway obstruction over a 1-year period. Following surgery, nearly all patients experienced an alleviation of all symptoms, except for enuresis. We suggest that children who have large tonsils and/or adenoids will gain substantial benefit if they are removed, even children who do not have a history of severe sleep apnea or objective evidence from polysomnography.
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Eur J Orthod
December 2024
Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Section of Orthodontics, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario 'Gaspare Rodolico-San Marco', Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Background/objectives: Evidence suggests nasal airflow resistance reduces after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). However, the medium-term effects of RME on upper airway (UA) airflow characteristics when normal craniofacial development is considered are still unclear. This retrospective cohort study used computer fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the medium-term changes in the UA airflow (pressure and velocity) after RME in two distinct age-based cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Res
January 2025
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at the University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background: In COPD patients with severe right-sided emphysema, complete major and incomplete minor fissure, implantation of one-way valves in both the right upper (RUL) and middle lobes (ML) is a possible approach for endoscopic lung volume reduction. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the response to therapy and the complication rate at 90 days (90d-FU) after combined RUL-ML valve implantation.
Methods: This retrospective, monocentric study included all patients from the Thoraxklinik Heidelberg who underwent RUL-ML valve treatment between 2012 and 2023 with available follow-up data.
Cureus
December 2024
Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Nemours Children's Health System, Wilmington, USA.
An epiglottic mass (EM) is rarely found in neonates and poses life-threatening airway complications. We present the case of an infant urgently transferred from Belize via the World Pediatric Project with a lingual EM. The EM was misdiagnosed twice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, JPN.
Thermal burns of the larynx are uncommon but can lead to serious upper airway obstruction due to edema and bleeding, especially in children who may struggle to communicate their symptoms effectively. This report presents the case of a one-year-and-seven-month-old boy who developed stridor and respiratory distress after eating a heated potato, which ultimately required tracheal intubation. The initial evaluation suggested foreign body aspiration; however, laryngoscopy confirmed significant arytenoid swelling and airway narrowing due to thermal burns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, University General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GRC.
Adenovirus is a common pathogen responsible for respiratory infections, including pneumonia, predominantly in pediatric populations but also in immunocompromised adults. This case report details an 18-year-old immunocompetent male presenting with severe lobar pneumonia and pleural effusion, initially suggesting a bacterial origin. Despite antibiotic treatment, the patient's symptoms persisted, prompting further investigation.
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