Background: The available data on the effects of radiation on humans are limited to the reports of accidental exposure or studies of patients under diagnostic and therapeutic treatment; few reports refer to a occupationally exposed population groups.
Methods: The research was conducted on 66 subjects employed in the Department of Nuclear Medicine and 41 nonemployed controls. For each of them chromosomal analysis and gamma-spectrometer analysis of 24-hour urine were carried out. Exposure doses were measured using film-badge dosimetry.
Results: The comparison of dosimetric data obtained by film-badge measurements and the frequency of dicentric chromosomes in each subject revealed no correlation between the two observed parameters.
Conclusions: In view of the above results, the subjects should be studied within job/task groups as they are far more likely to receive comparable doses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199910)36:4<469::aid-ajim8>3.0.co;2-q | DOI Listing |
Int J Radiat Biol
August 2024
Department of Mathematics, School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Purpose: Chromosomal dicentrics and translocations are commonly employed as biomarkers to estimate radiation doses. The main goal of this article is to perform a comparative analysis of yields of both types of aberrations. The objective is to determine if there are relevant distinctions between both yields, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of their respective suitability and accuracy in the estimation of radiation doses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Radiat Biol
May 2024
Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan, Korea.
Purpose: The dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), often referred to as the 'gold standard' in radiation dose estimation, exhibits significant challenges as a consequence of its labor-intensive nature and dependency on expert knowledge. Existing automated technologies face limitations in accurately identifying dicentric chromosomes (DCs), resulting in decreased precision for radiation dose estimation. Furthermore, in the process of identifying DCs through automatic or semi-automatic methods, the resulting distribution could demonstrate under-dispersion or over-dispersion, which results in significant deviations from the Poisson distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTaiwan J Obstet Gynecol
July 2023
Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Objective: We present low-level mosaic trisomy 13 at amniocentesis in a pregnancy associated with a positive non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) result suspicious of trisomy 13, a chorionic villus sampling (CVS) result of mosaic trisomy 13, cytogenetic discrepancy in various tissues and a favorable fetal outcome.
Case Report: A 29-year-old, gravida 2, para 1, woman underwent amniocentesis at 20 weeks of gestation because of a positive NIPT result (Z-score = 20.9, positive ≥3) suspicious of trisomy 13 at 11 weeks of gestation and a CVS result of mosaic trisomy 13 at 14 weeks of gestation.
bioRxiv
April 2023
Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
When we transduced pancreatic cancers with sgRNAs that targeted 2-16 target sites in the human genome, we found that increasing the number of CRISPR-Cas9 target sites produced greater cytotoxicity, with >99% growth inhibition observed by targeting only 12 sites. However, cell death was delayed by 2-3 weeks after sgRNA transduction, in contrast to the repair of double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) that happened within 3 days after transduction. To explain this discrepancy, we used both cytogenetics and whole genome sequencing to interrogate the genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Radiol Prot
March 2022
Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America.
Large-scale radiological accidents or nuclear terrorist incidents involving radiological or nuclear materials can potentially expose thousands, or hundreds of thousands, of people to unknown radiation doses, requiring prompt dose reconstruction for appropriate triage. Two types of dosimetry methods namely, biodosimetry and physical dosimetry are currently utilized for estimating absorbed radiation dose in humans. Both methods have been tested separately in several inter-laboratory comparison exercises, but a direct comparison of physical dosimetry with biological dosimetry has not been performed to evaluate their dose prediction accuracies.
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