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Community benefits of mass distribution of three types of dual-active-ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets against malaria prevalence in Tanzania: evidence from a 3-year cluster-randomized controlled trial.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) were once fully effective for the prevention of malaria; however, mosquitoes have developed resistance to pyrethroids, the main class of insecticides used on nets. Dual active ingredient LLINs (dual-AI LLINs) have been rolled out as an alternative to pyrethroid (PY)-only LLINs to counteract this. Understanding the minimum community usage at which these LLINs elicit an effect that also benefits non-users against malaria infection is important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubclinical spp. Infections in a Community Setting in Bangui, Central African Republic.
Res Rep Trop Med
January 2025
Parasitology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Bangui, Bangui, Central Africa Republic.
Background: Malaria is a major public health problem in the Central African Republic (CAR). Data on malaria epidemiology are often derived from confirmed cases of symptomatic malaria using passive detection approaches, with very limited knowledge of the extent of subclinical and submicroscopic infections.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bangui, the capital of the CAR, to assess the prevalence of subclinical malaria parasitaemia.
Background: The limited efficacy of the two recently approved malaria vaccines, RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix- M™, highlights the need for alternative vaccine candidate genes. Plasmodium falciparum Reticulocyte Binding Protein Homologue 5 (Pfrh5) is a promising malaria vaccine candidate, given its limited polymorphism, its essential role in parasite survival, a lack of immune selection pressure and higher efficacy against multiple parasites strains. This study evaluated the genetic diversity of Pfrh5 gene among parasites from regions with varying malaria transmission intensities in Mainland Tanzania, to generate baseline data for this potential malaria vaccine candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntenatal care and breastfeeding practices in Sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of demographic and health surveys.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
January 2025
Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends immediate breastfeeding (within the first hour after birth) and exclusive breastfeeding (for the first six months of life), particularly in low-resource settings such as sub-Saharan Africa. In 2016, WHO updated its antenatal care (ANC) guidelines, recommending at least eight (8+) ANC contacts during pregnancy to improve maternal and child health outcomes. This study investigates i) trends in breastfeeding practices across sub-Saharan Africa following the rollout of the revised WHO 2016 ANC policy and ii) the relationship between ANC uptake and exclusive or early breastfeeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClarification of factors associated with post-artesunate delayed hemolysis (PADH): analysis of 327 patients with severe imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria in France.
Travel Med Infect Dis
January 2025
Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), INSERM U1018, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, APHP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Société Française de Médecine des Voyages.
Background: Post-Artesunate delayed hemolysis (PADH) occurs in approximately 15% of treated patients 2 to 3 weeks after artesunate administration. Identifying risk markers for PADH would help predict which patients are at higher risk.
Methods: In this prospective national cohort study conducted in a non-malaria endemic area from 2011 to 2016, a Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between clinical and biological data available at Day 0 and the occurrence of PADH within 30 days of artesunate administration.
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