Chylothorax is a rare type of pleural exudate. The diagnosis, assessment of etiology, reflections on the type of treatment, as well as treatment are associated with various pitfalls. The authors present the case-history of a patient with spontaneous chylothorax on the right who was successfully treated by surgery after possible ways of conservative treatment were exhausted. Surgical treatment involved severing and ligature of the thoracic duct.
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