Background: Tobacco smoking reduces appetite and body weight. Cessation of smoking leads to hyperphagia and weight gain. Food intake is a function of meal number (MN) and meal size (MZ) (i.e., Food intake = MN x MZ). The effect of nicotine on these feeding components and their relationships to dopamine and serotonin in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) were determined.
Methods: In Fischer-344 rats the effect of 7 days of systemic nicotine infusion on the feeding patterns was measured by rat eater meter and changes in serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DA) in the LHA were measured by in vivo microdialysis.
Results: Nicotine infusion caused hypophagia through a significant decrease in MN with a smaller decrease in MZ, resulting in a body weight reduction. 5HT and DA concomitantly increased in LHA. Stopping nicotine resulted in hyperphagia by a significant increase in MZ. Body weight normalized. 5HT and DA in LHA decreased after nicotine was stopped.
Conclusion: Nicotine's hypophagic effect was associated with increased 5HT and DA in LHA, whereas hyperphagia after nicotine cessation was accompanied by decreased concentrations of the neurotransmitters. These findings suggest that nicotine affects appetite regulation, in part by modulation of LHA-DA and 5HT.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Hallmarks of Appetite: A Comprehensive Review of Hunger, Appetite, Satiation, and Satiety.
Curr Obes Rep
January 2025
CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
Purpose Of Review: The present review describes the available literature on the physiologic mechanisms that modulate hunger, appetite, satiation, and satiety with a particular focus on well-established and emerging factors involved in the classic satiety cascade model.
Recent Finding: Obesity is a significant risk factor for numerous chronic conditions like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. As excess energy intake is considered by some to be the primary driver of weight gain, tremendous collective effort should be directed toward reducing excessive feeding at the individual and population levels.
Antiosteoporosis and Bone Protective Effect of Phyllanthin Against Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis in Rats via Alteration of HO-1/Nrf2 and RANK/RANKL/OPG Pathway.
Dokl Biochem Biophys
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China.
Unlabelled: Osteoporosis is a condition where bones weaken due to a loss in density and quality, making them fragile and more susceptible to fractures, even from minor stress or injury. In this experimental study, we scrutinized the antiosteoporosis effect of phyllanthin against glycocorticoid (GIOP) induced osteoporosis in rats.
Methods: : SD rats were used in this study and subcutaneous administration of DEX (3 mg/kg) was used for the induction of osteoporosis and rats were treated with phyllanthin and alendronate for 12 weeks.
Pharmacokinetics of Nivolumab and Erythropoietin in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Obesity.
Pharm Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Purpose: To investigate how obesity affects the pharmacokinetics of biologics in a rat model.
Method: Male Long-Evans rats were fed a high-fat diet from the age of 3 weeks and development of obesity was monitored by measuring body size and composition (fat and lean mass). The animals received nivolumab (1 and 8 mg/kg) or recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO, 1000 IU/kg) by intravenous or subcutaneous injection.
Impact of monensin, virginiamycin, trace minerals, and yeast combination on animal performance, carcass and meat characteristics of finishing feedlot bulls fed high grain diet.
Trop Anim Health Prod
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil.
This study was realized to evaluate the influence of monensin, virginiamycin,trace minerals and yeast combination on animal performance, feed efficiency, in situ digestibility, feeding behavior, and carcass and meat characteristics from bulls finished in feedlot fed high-grain diet. A total of 36 (European vs. Nellore) bulls at 24 ± 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-specific association between maternal childhood adversities and offspring's weight gain in a Brazilian cohort.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience (LiNC), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to negative health and developmental outcomes in offspring. However, whether maternal ACEs influence infant weight gain in the first months of life, and if this effect differs by infant sex, remains unclear. This study included 352 full-term newborns from low-risk pregnancies and their mothers in low-income settings in Brazil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!