Extrapelvic endometriosis.

Clin Obstet Gynecol

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7836, USA.

Published: September 1999

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199909000-00021DOI Listing

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Introduction and importance: Extrapelvic endometriosis, confined exclusively to the body of the rectus abdominis muscle, is a rare form of abdominal wall endometriosis. While its etiopathology remains unclear, it is often diagnosed in healthy women who present with atypical symptoms and localization unrelated to any incision site, or in the absence of a history of endometriosis or previous surgery. Presentation of the case: Here, we describe a unique case of intramuscular endometriosis of the rectus abdominis muscle in a healthy 39-year-old Caucasian woman.

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Endometriosis is described as the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. This most frequently occurs within the pelvis and is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women of reproductive age. Rarely, endometriosis can manifest outside of the pelvis and can uncommonly involve the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems.

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Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinicopathological correlates of intestinal endometriosis, amongst other extra-pelvic endometriosis foci, presenting as bowel obstruction in general surgery practice.

Methods: A total of 23 female patients (mean ± SD age: 34.9 ± 6.

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Article Synopsis
  • Abdominal wall endometriosis is a rare condition, particularly occurring in the muscles of the abdominal wall, as seen in a patient with a history of cesarean sections who experienced intense menstrual pain without visible lesions.
  • Imaging studies showed no abnormalities, leading to a surgical excision of a flat lesion in the abdominal wall muscles, which confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis after histological analysis.
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Management of endometriosis: a call to multidisciplinary approach.

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  • Endometriosis is characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, classified into three types: superficial, ovarian endometrioma, and deep infiltrating disease, and can affect various areas beyond the pelvis.
  • Diagnosis typically involves a combination of symptom assessment, physical exams, imaging tests, and ultimately requires tissue confirmation for a definitive diagnosis.
  • Treatment options range from medical management focused on symptom relief to surgical interventions, with a preference for excision of lesions and a multidisciplinary approach for more severe cases to enhance long-term outcomes.
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