Objectives: To evaluate and compare the risk of long-term central venous catheter (CVC) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and cancer patients.
Design: Prospective multicenter cohort study based on active surveillance of long-term CVC manipulations and patient outcome over a 6-month period.
Setting: Services of infectious diseases and oncology of 12 university hospitals in Paris, France.
Participants: In 1995, all HIV and cancer patients with solid malignancy were included at the time of long-term CVC implantation.
Results: Overall, 31.6% of long-term CVC infections were identified in 32% of 201 HIV and 5% of 255 cancer patients. Most were associated with bacteremia, most commonly coagulase-negative staphylococci. The long-term CVC time-related infection risk was greater in HIV than in cancer patients (3.78 vs 0.39 infections per 1,000 long-term CVC days; P<.001). The independent risk factors of long-term CVC infection were as follows: in HIV patients, frequency of long-term CVC handling and neutropenia; in cancer patients, poor Karnofsky performance status; in both HIV and cancer patients, recent history of bacterial infection. The risk of long-term CVC infection was similar for tunneled catheters and venous access ports in each population.
Conclusions: Prevention of long-term CVC infection should focus first on better sterile precautions while handling long-term CVC, especially in HIV patients who have frequent and daily use of the long-term CVC.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501658 | DOI Listing |
Microorganisms
January 2025
UK Health Security Agency, London E14 4PU, UK.
Background: Patients in critical care units (CCUs) are at an increased risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs), which can be associated with central vascular catheters (CVCs). This study describes BSIs, CVC-BSIs, organism distribution, percentage of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms, and case fatality rates (CFRs) over the first six years of a voluntary national CCU surveillance programme in England.
Methods: Surveillance data on BSIs, CVCs, and bed-days between 04/2017 and 03/2023 for adult CCUs were linked to mortality and AMR data, and crude rates were calculated.
Am J Nurs
February 2025
Mouhammad Yabrodi, Kamal Abulebda, and Riad Lutfi are associate professors and physicians at the Indiana University School of Medicine and Riley Hospital for Children, IU Health, Indianapolis, IN, where Mara E. Nitu is a professor and chief medical officer and Colin M. Rogerson is an assistant professor and physician. Kellie J. Pearson is a critical care respiratory therapist at IU Health, Indianapolis, IN, and Tracy Spitzer is a clinical nurse specialist at Riley Hospital for Children, IU Health, Indianapolis, IN. Nathanael Thomas Tavares is chief executive officer at Flyover Zone, Indianapolis, IN. Contact author: Mouhammad Yabrodi, The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Background: Central venous catheters (CVCs) are used in pediatric patients to deliver IV fluids, blood products, medications, and nutrients. Potential complications include central line infection, which carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality in this population. Pediatric critical care nurses play a crucial role in helping to reduce the risk of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Cancer Res
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM) Monroe, LA 71203, USA.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among American men. The development of metastatic castration resistant PCa (mCRPC) is the current clinical challenge. Antiandrogens such as Enzalutamide (ENZ) are commonly used for CRPC treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney Med
November 2024
Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Rationale & Objective: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a dialysis modality limited by the potential need of transferring to hemodialysis. Optimal hemodialysis vascular access is an arteriovenous fistula. Back-up arteriovenous fistula (bAVF) is a strategy to prevent central venous catheter (CVC) insertion, but its use in the PD population has not been systematically reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Józef Struś Hospital, Poznan, Poland.
Broviac catheter is a type of central venous catheter (CVC) used for long-term parenteral nutrition in specific patients, e.g., diagnosed with intestinal failure as short bowel syndrome (SBS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!