The paper deals with the analysis of the status of ATP-dependent K+ channels of pancreatic beta cell functional by attenuated under the effect of streptozotocin and simultaneous assessment of their reaction to sulfonylamide agents glybenclamide, glipizil and glyclazid. Highly specific response of the tested ionic channels showed under the effect of both glucose and sulfonylurea agents. Analysis of the time course of electrophysiological processes coursing in them, showed appreciable changes in the time of the channel closing, which led to deceleration of insulin secretin starting from the moment of exposure to glucose or sulfonylurea agents till exocytosis of insulin quantum. Glybenclamide proved to be the most active of the tested agents as regards their secretogenic properties.
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Biochemistry
January 2025
Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4 (eIF4) is a group of factors that activates mRNA for translation and recruit 43S preinitiation complex (PIC) to the mRNA 5' end, forming the 48S PIC. The eIF4 factors include mRNA 5' cap-binding protein eIF4E, ATP-dependent RNA helicase eIF4A, and scaffold protein eIF4G, which anchors eIF4A and eIF4E. Another eIF4 factor, eIF4B, stimulates the RNA helicase activity of eIF4A and facilitates mRNA recruitment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochemistry
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132, United States.
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a ubiquitous enzyme central to nitrogen metabolism, catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia. Positioned at the intersection of nitrogen metabolism with carbon metabolism, the activity of GS is subject to sophisticated regulation. While the intricate regulatory pathways that govern GS were established long ago, recent work has demonstrated that homologues are controlled by multiple distinct regulatory patterns, such as the metabolite induced oligomeric state formation in archaeal GS by 2-oxoglutarate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Physiol Sci
January 2025
Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1193, Gifu, Japan; Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1193, Gifu, Japan; Division of Animal Medical Science, Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1193, Gifu, Japan.
Purines such as ATP are regulatory transmitters in motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The aims of this study were to propose functional roles of purinergic regulation of esophageal motility. An isolated segment of the rat esophagus was placed in an organ bath, and mechanical responses were recorded using a force transducer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Chem Biol
January 2025
Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Electronic address:
Microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) drives various globally important environmental phenomena and has biotechnology applications. Diverse prokaryotes have been proposed to perform EET via surface-displayed "nanowires" composed of multi-heme cytochromes. However, the mechanism that enables only a few cytochromes to polymerize into nanowires is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Biol Interact
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Capsaicin, a polyphenol, is known to regulate energy expenditure and thermogenesis in adipocytes and muscles. However, its role in modulating uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent thermogenesis in muscles remains unclear. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the role of capsaicin in modulating the UCP- and ATP-dependent thermogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts, as well as the gastrocnemius (GM) and soleus muscles (SM) of mice.
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