Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of HLA class II genes on the response to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Methods: The distribution of HLA DRB1 and DQB1 alleles was assessed in 170 caucasoïd patients treated with IFN-alpha for chronic hepatitis C. 50 patients had a long term sustained response to treatment whereas 120 patients were nonresponders.
Results: Female sex, non-1 HCV genotype particularly genotype 2 and pretreatment low serum HCV RNA level were associated with long-term sustained response to IFN-alpha. A trend towards a higher prevalence of DRB1*07 allele in non responders than in patients with sustained response (45% vs. 28%, odds ratio 2.1; P < 0.05) on the one hand and of DQB1*06 allele in HCV genotype 1 patients with sustained response than in HCV genotype 1 nonresponders (75% vs 27.3%, odds ration 7.9; P < 0.02) on the other hand, were observed. However, none of these two differences remained significant after Bonferroni's correction.
Conclusion: Accordingly, we conclude that the response to IFN-alpha therapy is more tightly related to virus factors than to host's HLA class II genes.
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