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The cGAS-STING, p38 MAPK, and p53 pathways link genome instability to accelerated cellular senescence in ATM-deficient murine lung fibroblasts.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a pleiotropic genome instability syndrome resulting from the loss of the homeostatic protein kinase ATM. The complex phenotype of A-T includes progressive cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, gonadal atrophy, interstitial lung disease, cancer predisposition, endocrine abnormalities, chromosomal instability, radiosensitivity, and segmental premature aging. Cultured skin fibroblasts from A-T patients exhibit premature senescence, highlighting the association between genome instability, cellular senescence, and aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstablishment of an Immortalized Porcine Alveolar Macrophage Cell Line That Supports Efficient Replication of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses.
Pathogens
November 2024
Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which is caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), has a significant impact on the global pork industry. It results in reproductive failure in sows and respiratory issues in pigs of all ages. Despite the availability of vaccines, controlling the PRRSV remains challenging, partly owing to the limitations of cell culture systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmortalization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Application in Regenerative Medicine and Their Potential Risks of Tumorigenesis.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
Regenerative medicine utilizes stem cells to repair damaged tissues by replacing them with their differentiated cells and activating the body's inherent regenerative abilities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that possess tissue repair and regenerative capabilities and immunomodulatory properties with a much lower risk of tumorigenicity, making them a focus of numerous clinical trials worldwide. MSCs primarily exert their therapeutic effects through paracrine effects via secreted factors, such as cytokines and exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLysyl Oxidase Mediates Proliferation and Differentiation in the Esophageal Epithelium.
Biomolecules
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
In homeostatic conditions, the basal progenitor cells of the esophagus differentiate into a stratified squamous epithelium. However, in the setting of acid exposure or inflammation, there is a marked failure of basal cell differentiation, leading to basal cell hyperplasia. We have previously shown that lysyl oxidase (LOX), a collagen crosslinking enzyme, is upregulated in the setting of allergic inflammation of the esophagus; however, its role beyond collagen crosslinking is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral oncogene EBNALP regulates YY1 DNA binding and alters host 3D genome organization.
EMBO Rep
January 2025
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen leader protein (EBNALP) is essential for the immortalization of naive B lymphocytes (NBLs). However, the mechanisms remain elusive. To understand EBNALP's role in B-cell transformation, we compare NBLs infected with wild-type EBV and an EBNALP-null mutant EBV using multi-omics techniques.
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