The structure of the 412 retrotransposable element was investigated in various natural populations of D. melanogaster and D. simulans by a restriction enzyme analysis. We show that although the canonical structure of the 412 element was the same in both species, a high structural polymorphism existed with various rearranged elements. A 412 family was thus composed of heterogeneous copies of different sizes, with a large proportion of full-size copies. D. simulans had more rearranged copies than D. melanogaster, with some specific copies, such as a 5.6-kb BsrBI fragment, present in all populations of D. simulans. Full-size and rearranged copies were detected in both the euchromatin and the heterochromatin, with many rearranged copies in D. simulans, suggesting a recent mobilization of the 412 element in this species.
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Article Synopsis
- * Sometimes TSDs are absent due to degeneration, recombination between ISs, or adjacent deletions, which are common occurrences illustrated by data from the Lenski long-term evolution experiment.
- * The study proposes that certain IS movements associated with large-scale genomic rearrangements may not generate TSDs and provides observations of such events, suggesting that IS activity could drive significant genomic changes like deletions and duplications.
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