BCNT, named after Bucentaur, is a protein that contains a 324-amino-acid region derived from part of a long interspersed DNA sequence element (LINE) in Ruminantia. However, the unique portion is completely missing in human and mouse BCNTs. Since no significant information on their function has been obtained by homology search, we at first examined cellular localization and biochemical characteristics of bovine BCNT to get a hint on its function. Subcellular fractionation and immunohistochemical analyses using a normal bovine epithelial cell line and bovine brain revealed that a significant amount of bovine BCNT is localized in the nuclei, while the major portion is present in the cytosol. Furthermore, it was shown that bovine BCNT is a phosphoprotein and that both bovine and human BCNTs are phosphorylated by casein kinase II in vitro. These results show that BCNTs consist of a unique family, probably a substrate of casein kinase II, which may contribute further to the understanding of gene evolution.
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Overcoming off-targets: assessing Western blot signals for Bcnt/Cfdp1, a tentative component of the chromatin remodeling complex.
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Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido 1314-1, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan.
The Bucentaur (BCNT) protein family is characterized by a conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus (BCNT-C domain) and plays an essential role in gene expression and chromosomal maintenance in yeast and Drosophila. The mammalian Bucentaur/Craniofacial developmental protein 1 (Bcnt/Cfdp1) is also a tentative component of the SNF2-related CBP activator protein (Srcap) chromatin remodeling complex, but little is known about its properties, partly because few antibodies are available to examine the endogenous protein. In this paper, we assigned the Western blot signal against the mouse Bcnt/Cfdp1 as a doublet of approximately 45 kDa using anti-Bcnt/Cfdp1 antibodies, which were generated against either of two unrelated immunogens, BCNT-C domain or mouse N-terminal peptide, and in addition, the Cfdp1 knockdown mouse ES cell line and bovine tissue were used as potential negative controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Bucentaur (BCNT) protein family: a long-neglected class of essential proteins required for chromatin/chromosome organization and function.
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Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
The evolutionarily conserved Bucentaur (BCNT) protein superfamily was identified about two decades ago in bovines, but its biological role has long remained largely unknown. Sparse studies in the literature suggest that BCNT proteins perform important functions during development. Only recently, a functional analysis of the Drosophila BCNT ortholog, called YETI, has provided evidence that it is essential for proper fly development and plays roles in chromatin organization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioelectrochemical sensing of promethazine with bamboo-type multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed in calf-thymus double stranded DNA.
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INFIQC (CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Departamento de Físicoquimica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address:
We report the quantification of promethazine (PMZ) using glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with bamboo-like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (bCNT) dispersed in double stranded calf-thymus DNA (dsDNA) (GCE/bCNT-dsDNA). Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrated that PMZ presents a thin film-confined redox behavior at GCE/bCNT-dsDNA, opposite to the irreversibly-adsorbed behavior obtained at GCE modified with bCNT dispersed in ethanol (GCE/bCNT). Differential pulse voltammetry-adsorptive stripping with medium exchange experiments performed with GCE/bCNT-dsDNA and GCE modified with bCNTs dispersed in single-stranded calf-thymus DNA (ssDNA) confirmed that the interaction between PMZ and bCNT-dsDNA is mainly hydrophobic.
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Article Synopsis
- Researchers successfully used double stranded calf-thymus DNA to disperse bamboo-like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (bCNT) for the first time.
- The study utilized various spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical techniques to analyze the dispersion and the modified electrodes.
- Results showed that the bCNT-dsDNA dispersion allows for more efficient electron transfer, particularly with guanine residues, compared to hollow carbon nanotubes dispersed in dsDNA.
The p97bcnt/cfdp2 is a ruminant-specific gene created by a combination of gene duplication of ancestral bcnt (bucentaur) or cfdp1 (craniofacial developmental protein 1), bcnt/cfdp1, and the insertion of a retrotransposable element-1 (RTE). As a result, p97Bcnt recruits the whole apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE)-like domain of RTE in the middle of the molecule (RTE domain) as a region encoded by an exon. In addition, p97Bcnt contains two intramolecular repeats (IRs) of 40 amino acids each in the C-terminal region, whereas Bcnt/Cfdp1 contains one IR.
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