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Effects of gastrointestinal parasites on fecal glucocorticoids and behaviour in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus).
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Graduate Studies, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Relationships between parasites, host physiology, and behaviours are complex. Parasites can influence host hormonal microenvironment and behaviour through "sickness behaviours" that generally conserve energy. Using a parasite removal experiment, we examined the effects of gastrointestinal parasites on fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGC) and behaviours of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-volume transanal irrigation (TAI) in the treatment of functional faecal incontinence in children: a cohort study.
Int J Colorectal Dis
January 2025
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Purpose: Functional faecal incontinence (FFI) is a stigmatising condition for a child and parents and can be a challenge to treat even in tertiary centres. Transanal irrigation (TAI) is an emerging treatment with great success in refractory cases. We performed TAI with a substantially decreased amount of water used (low-volume TAI), yet no previous evidence exists on this treatment in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of water ammonia nitrogen on hemolymph and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei.
Adv Biotechnol (Singap)
January 2024
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
Ammonia stress was detrimental to shrimp, but how water ammonia nitrogen (ammonia-N) influences the shrimp's health remains unclear. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the effects of water ammonia-N on hemolymph ammonia-N concentration, hepatopancreas structure, and the intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei with four experiments. We found that the concentration of ammonia-N in shrimp hemolymph was significantly higher than that in pond water, indicating that water ammonia-N stimulates the accumulation of hemolymph ammonia-N.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLitter quality modulates changes in bacterial and fungal communities during the gut transit of earthworm species of different ecological groups.
ISME Commun
January 2025
J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
Earthworms are keystone animals stimulating litter decomposition and nutrient cycling. However, earthworms comprise diverse species which live in different soil layers and consume different types of food. Microorganisms in the gut of earthworms are likely to contribute significantly to their ability to digest organic matter, but this may vary among earthworm species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel small RNA regulates Locus of Enterocyte Effacement and site-specific colonization of enterohemorrhagic O157:H7 in gut.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
January 2025
College of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) is a contagious foodborne pathogen that specifically colonizes the human large intestine, which is regulated by different environmental stimuli within the gut. Transcriptional regulation of EHEC virulence and infection has been extensively studied, while the posttranscriptional regulation of these processes by small RNAs (sRNAs) remains not fully understood. Here we present a virulence-regulating pathway in EHEC O157:H7, in which the sRNA EvrS binds to and destabilizes the mRNA of Z2269, a novel transcriptional regulator.
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