For the past two decades, all two-dimensional systems of electrons were believed to be insulating in the limit of zero temperature. Recent experiments provide evidence for an unexpected transition to a conducting phase at very low electron densities. The nature of this phase is not understood and is currently the focus of intense theoretical and experimental attention.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.11.5900 | DOI Listing |
Psychiatr Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, Campus Box 8514, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
Tourette syndrome is defined by motor and vocal tics, yet our understanding of the pathophysiology of tics remains limited. Functional MRI (fMRI) can localize brain function related to the clinical phenomenology of tics. Here, we review extant fMRI studies examining brain activity during the premonitory urge, tic release, and tic suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
National University of Singapore, Department of Physics, Singapore 117551.
We uncover emergent universality arising in the equilibration dynamics of multimode continuous-variable systems. Specifically, we study the ensemble of pure states supported on a small subsystem of a few modes, generated by Gaussian measurements on the remaining modes of a globally pure bosonic Gaussian state. We find that beginning from highly entangled, complex global states, such as random Gaussian states and product squeezed states coupled via a deep array of linear optical elements, the induced ensemble attains a universal form, independent of the choice of measurement basis: it is composed of unsqueezed coherent states whose displacements are distributed normally and isotropically, with variance depending on only the particle-number density of the system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Biol Sci
January 2025
Centre for Functional Biodiversity, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
Ecological niche shifts are a key driver of phenotypic divergence and contribute to isolating barriers among lineages. For many groups of organisms, the history of these shifts and associated trait-environment correlations are well-documented at the macroevolutionary level. However, the processes that generate these patterns are initiated below the species level, often by the formation of ecotypes in contrasting environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransition metal phosphorus sulfides (MPS), a family of two-dimensional magnetic materials with a van der Waals structure, exhibit promising applications in nonlinear optical devices. The emergence of carrier coherence in MPS is a fascinating topic in coherently controlling the nonlinear effect (or other novel phenomena). Herein, we systematically investigated the third-order nonlinear optical responses of MPS (M = Ni, Fe, Mn) flake suspensions based on spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering of Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-0082, Japan.
We explore the correlation between muscle viscoelasticity and displacement mechanomyography (DMMG) during passive joint movement. Current methods for assessing muscle viscoelasticity (which is essential for rehabilitation and sports conditioning) are limited in terms of simplicity, objectivity, and portability. We introduce a novel methodology employing DMMG during passive pedaling to evaluate these properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!