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Lost Highways: An Examination of the Question of Risk Involved in Sexual Homicides of Hitchhiking Victims.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol
January 2025
Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Iowa State University, Ames, USA.
Despite cultural references to the dangers of hitchhiking, particularly for sexual homicide, no published research investigates these incidents from both an offender and crime scene perspective. Using the Sexual Homicide International Database (SHIelD), we explore lifestyle risk by comparing sexual homicide cases involving hitchhiking victims to those involving victims engaged in sex trade work. The results, based on the use of bivariate and multivariate statistics, indicate that offenders view hitchhiking victims as opportunities for confinement without physical restraint, often engaging in sexual acts and theft.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of epidemiologists in addressing the public health consequences of the United States criminal legal system.
Am J Epidemiol
January 2025
Department of Public Health Leadership and Practice, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Exposure to the United States criminal legal system - whether through contact with law enforcement, incarceration in a jail or prison, or community supervision - is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. There is mounting evidence that mass incarceration drives health inequities, particularly for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. However, relative to its outsized impacts on health and health inequities, the criminal legal system has received limited attention in epidemiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJuvenile Incarceration in an Adult Facility and Violent Victimization During Adulthood.
J Adolesc
December 2024
Center for Legal Systems Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Introduction: A growing body of research indicates that being incarcerated in an adult jail or prison as a juvenile can elevate one's exposure to adverse childhood experiences, including violent and sexual victimization and neglect, and may lead to several long-term difficulties. This study investigates the relationship between being confined in an adult jail or prison as a minor and experiencing violent victimization as an adult.
Methods: Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 cohort were used in the study.
Prevalence of Neurodiversity in a UK High Secure Psychiatric Hospital Cohort: A Records Study.
Crim Behav Ment Health
December 2024
Psychological Services, Broadmoor Hospital, Crowthorne, UK.
Background: The term neurodiversity is an umbrella term for any atypical pattern of cognitive ability, including but not confined to neurodevelopmental disorders. Research suggests that several neurodivergent conditions are overrepresented in offender populations, with a recent survey suggesting that over half of those coming into contact with the criminal justice system may have a neurodivergent condition. Considerable effort has been invested in trying to divert people with such conditions out of long-stay hospitals, but nevertheless, a few studies in secure hospitals suggest that while prevalence in hospitals may be lower than in prisons, it is high relative to the general population.
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