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Towards a Comprehensive Definition of Pandemics and Strategies for Prevention: A Historical Review and Future Perspectives.
Microorganisms
August 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- * A refined definition is proposed that emphasizes the broad impacts of pandemics, identifying 22 historic pandemics from 165 to 2024 caused by various diseases, and analyzing their social and health consequences.
- * The text underscores the importance of proactive strategies to prevent future pandemics, including improved surveillance, biodiversity conservation, and global collaboration among stakeholders to address zoonotic threats.
Evaluation of the national AIDS program and HIV/AIDS surveillance system in Jordan.
SAGE Open Med
July 2024
Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan.
Introduction: The National AIDS Program in Jordan has faced numerous challenges, including insufficient funding, limited resources, and complexities brought on by refugee influxes. The absence of a reliable HIV/AIDS surveillance system further complicates tracking and responding to the epidemic. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and functionality of the National AIDS Program and the HIV/AIDS surveillance system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStability of Neutralizing Antibody of PastoCoAd Vaccine Candidates against a Variant of Concern of SARS-CoV-2 in Animal Models.
Iran Biomed J
July 2024
Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there have been mutations caused by new SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, recognized as the variants of concern (VOC) worldwide. These variants can affect vaccine efficacy, disease control, and treatment effectiveness. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of total and neutralizing antibodies produced by PastoCoAd vaccine candidates against the VOC strains at different time points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pandemic Arc: Expanded Narratives in the History of Global Health.
J Hist Med Allied Sci
September 2024
Independent Scholar, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Using the examples of plague, smallpox, and HIV/AIDS, the present essay argues for the benefits of incorporating the evolutionary histories of pathogens, beyond visible epidemic spikes within human populations, into our understanding of what pandemics actually are as epidemiological phenomena. The pandemic arc - which takes the pathogen as the defining "actor" in a pandemic, from emergence to local proliferation to globalization - offers a framework capable of bringing together disparate aspects not only of the manifestations of disease but also of human involvement in the pandemic process. Pathogens may differ, but there are common patterns in disease emergence and proliferation that distinguish those diseases that become pandemic, dispersed through human communities regionally or globally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCondyloma lata of the umbilicus: A case report highlighting the present syphilis emergency.
Int J STD AIDS
September 2024
Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, TX, USA.
Syphilis is an ancient sexually transmitted infection that plagues communities across the United States and the world. Cutaneous syphilis has a wide variety of manifestations and presentations, and is notoriously difficult to identify clinically as a result. In this report, we describe the case of a 30-year-old patient with condyloma lata on the umbilicus, an extremely rare site for the presentation of these lesions.
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