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Neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity: unveiling the multifaceted roles in health and disease.
MedComm (2020)
February 2025
Neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes, have long been recognized as key players in innate immunity and inflammation. However, recent discoveries unveil their remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity, challenging the traditional view of neutrophils as a homogeneous population with a limited functional repertoire. Advances in single-cell technologies and functional assays have revealed distinct neutrophil subsets with diverse phenotypes and functions and their ability to adapt to microenvironmental cues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThreat to the predator suppresses defence of its prey.
R Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland.
Many studies have shown that prey can optimize their defence mechanisms based on cues indicating predator presence and pressure. However, little is known about whether prey can assess the actual threat by considering both predator density and the motivational state of cannibalistic predators, which can be influenced by threats from higher order predators. We conducted laboratory experiments to test the hypothesis that high predator density, combined with chemical cues indicating predator stress (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynergistic interaction between wheat streak mosaic virus and Triticum mosaic virus modulates wheat transcriptome to favor disease severity.
Front Plant Sci
January 2025
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; ) and Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV; ), the type members of the genera and , respectively, in the family , are economically important wheat viruses in the Great Plains region of the USA. Co-infection of wheat by WSMV and TriMV results in disease synergism. Wheat transcriptome from singly (WSMV or TriMV) and doubly (WSMV+TriMV) infected upper uninoculated leaves were analyzed by RNA-Seq at 9, 12, and 21 days postinoculation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemopreventive Effects of Piper betle (Sirih) on High-Fat Diet-Induced and Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Cancer in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
A high-fat diet could lead to obesity, increasing colorectal cancer risk due to dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation, while Piper betle (PB) exhibits anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant benefits. This study aimed to determine whether PB possesses chemopreventive effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced and azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer. Male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving either a normal diet or HFD were divided into control, PB, AOM, and AOM+PB subgroups which were then sacrificed after 24 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring sesquiterpene lactones: structural diversity and antiviral therapeutic insights.
RSC Adv
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt.
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are a structurally diverse group of secondary metabolites primarily produced by plants, particularly within the Asteraceae family. These compounds play significant roles in plant defense and have been extensively studied for their wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This review focuses on the biosynthesis, structure-activity relationships, and biological activities of sesquiterpene lactones, with an emphasis on their antiviral potential.
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