Isolated stem cells from the midguts of Manduca sexta and Heliothis virescens can be induced to differentiate in vitro by either of two polypeptide factors. One of the peptides was isolated from culture medium conditioned by differentiating mixed midgut cells; we used high performance liquid chromatographic separation and Edman degradation of the most prominent active peak. It is a polypeptide with 30 amino acid residues (3,244 Da), with the sequence HVGKTPIVGQPSIPGGPVRLCPGRIRYFKI, and is identical to the C-terminal peptide of bovine fetuin. A portion of this molecule (HVGKTPIVGQPSIPGGPVRLCPGRIR) was synthesized and was found to be very active in inducing differentiation of H. virescens midgut stem cells. It was designated Midgut Differentiation Factor 1 (MDF1). Proteolysis of bovine fetuin with chymotrypsin allowed isolation of a pentamer, Midgut Differentiation Factor 2 (MDF2) with the sequence HRAHY corresponding to a portion of the fetuin molecule near MDF1. Synthetic MDF2 was also biologically active in midgut stem cell bioassays. Dose response curves indicate activity in physiological ranges from 10(-14) to 10(-9) M for MDF1 and 10(-15) to 10(-5) M for MDF2.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6327(1999)40:3<129::AID-ARCH2>3.0.CO;2-B | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A feedback loop between Paxillin and Yorkie sustains Drosophila intestinal homeostasis and regeneration.
Nat Commun
January 2025
The Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Balanced self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells are crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis, but the underlying mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. Here, from an RNA interference (RNAi) screen in adult Drosophila intestinal stem cells (ISCs), we identify a factor, Pax, which is orthologous to mammalian PXN, coordinates the proliferation and differentiation of ISCs during both normal homeostasis and injury-induced midgut regeneration in Drosophila. Loss of Pax promotes ISC proliferation while suppressing its differentiation into absorptive enterocytes (ECs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Sphingolipids like ceramides play a significant role in high-fat diets and can influence fatty acid oxidation and intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation, potentially leading to cancer risk.
- The study manipulated the ceramide synthesis pathway in midgut intestinal cells to observe how changes in enzyme activities impacted cell behavior, revealing significant alterations in ISC proliferation and cell characteristics.
- Findings suggest that increased levels of saturated sphingolipids trigger inflammation in the gut, which in turn stimulates ISC proliferation through specific pro-inflammatory signals.
Numb provides a fail-safe mechanism for intestinal stem cell self-renewal in adult midgut.
bioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390.
Stem cell self-renewal often relies on asymmetric fate determination governed by niche signals and/or cell-intrinsic factors but how these regulatory mechanisms cooperate to promote asymmetric fate decision remains poorly understood. In adult midgut, asymmetric Notch (N) signaling inhibits intestinal stem cell (ISC) self-renewal by promoting ISC differentiation into enteroblast (EB). We have previously showed that epithelium-derived BMP promotes ISC self-renewal by antagonizing N pathway activity (Tian and Jiang, 2014).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSymbiont Acquisition Strategies in Post-Settlement Stages of Two Co-Occurring Deep-Sea Shrimp.
Ecol Evol
November 2024
Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, Unite Biologie des Environnements Extrêmes marins Profonds Plouzane France.
At deep-sea hydrothermal vents, deprived of light, most living communities are fueled by chemosynthetic microorganisms. These can form symbiotic associations with metazoan hosts, which are then called holobionts. Among these, two endemic co-occurring shrimp of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), and are colonized by dense and diversified chemosynthetic symbiotic communities in their cephalothoracic cavity and their digestive system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Drosophila adult midgut progenitor cells arise from asymmetric divisions of neuroblast-like cells.
Dev Cell
November 2024
School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. Electronic address:
The Drosophila adult midgut progenitor cells (AMPs) give rise to all cells in the adult midgut epithelium, including the intestinal stem cells (ISCs). While they share many characteristics with the ISCs, it remains unclear how they are generated in the early embryo. Here, we show that they arise from a population of endoderm cells, which exhibit multiple similarities with Drosophila neuroblasts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!