Acid and base conditions have many significant effects on the growth of Escherichia coli. External and internal pH perturbations induce different classes of genes. pH-dependent regulation of genes intersects with other regulatory responses, e.g. oxygen level or osmolarity. 2D electrophoretic gels were used to compare global patterns of protein induction in Escherichia coli grown in complex media buffered at the acid or alkaline ends of the pH range for growth (pH 4.4 vs. pH 9.1). Preliminary results indicate new classes of acid- and base-dependent regulation, in some cases highly dependent on oxygen level. Other proteins are induced strongly at both extremes of pH, compared to pH 7. Current work continues to dissect the relationship between effects of pH, oxygen level and osmolarity.
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