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Ginsenoside F1-Mediated Telomere Preservation Delays Cellular Senescence.
Int J Mol Sci
September 2023
Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Telomeres play pivotal roles in processes closely related to somatic senescence and aging, making them a compelling target for interventions aimed at combating aging and age-related pathologies. Ginsenoside, a natural compound, has emerged as a potential remedy for promoting healthy aging, yet how it protects telomeres remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that treatment of F1 can effectively restore the level of TRF2, thereby preserving telomere integrity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut-specific telomerase expression counteracts systemic aging in telomerase-deficient zebrafish.
Nat Aging
May 2023
Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
Telomere shortening is a hallmark of aging and is counteracted by telomerase. As in humans, the zebrafish gut is one of the organs with the fastest rate of telomere decline, triggering early tissue dysfunction during normal zebrafish aging and in prematurely aged telomerase mutants. However, whether telomere-dependent aging of an individual organ, the gut, causes systemic aging is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe telomeric protein TERF2/TRF2 impairs HMGB1-driven autophagy.
Autophagy
May 2023
Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
TERF2/TRF2 is a pleiotropic telomeric protein that plays a crucial role in tumor formation and progression through several telomere-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Here, we uncovered a novel function for this protein in regulating the macroautophagic/autophagic process upon different stimuli. By using both biochemical and cell biology approaches, we found that TERF2 binds to the non-histone chromatin-associated protein HMGB1, and this interaction is functional to the nuclear/cytoplasmic protein localization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFL-Carnitine Reduced Cellular Aging of Bone Marrow Resident C-Kit+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Through Telomere Dependent Pathways.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther
March 2023
Institute of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Innsbruck, Austria.
Background: Increased oxygen species levels can induce mitochondrial DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations and cause defective stem cell differentiation, leading finally to senescence of stem cells. In recent years, several studies have reported that antioxidants can improve stem cell survival and subsequently affect the potency and differentiation of these cells. Finding factors, which reduce the senescence tendency of stem cells upon expansion, has great potential for cellular therapy in regenerative medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTERT activates endogenous retroviruses to promote an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment.
EMBO Rep
April 2022
Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Telomerase plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis by both telomere-dependent and telomere-independent activities, although the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) across 9,264 tumour samples, we observe that expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is closely associated with immunosuppressive signatures. We demonstrate that TERT can activate a subclass of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) independent of its telomerase activity to form double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), which are sensed by the RIG-1/MDA5-MAVS signalling pathway and trigger interferon signalling in cancer cells.
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