Bronchial atresia is a short and juxtahilar bronchus interruption. This uncommon malformation leads to an obstructive and systematized emphysema, often associated with mucoid impaction. The authors report the case of a 5-year-old boy and review the literature in order to recall the radiologic features of this affection, which are characterized by an obstructive segmental or lobar emphysema often located in the upper lobe. The modern imaging means are not necessary for diagnosis. Bronchography confirms the atresia. Neonatal bronchial atresia appears as an opaque segment or lobe with retention of the alveolar liquid.
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