There has long been a popular conceptual linkage between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and substance abuse involving "needles". Indeed, in vitro studies demonstrate that these substances promote the replication of HIV. Included in these in vitro studies is a linkage or association of tissue damage and viral load with the actions HIV envelope protein gp120 with substances of abuse. However, detailed epidemiological studies have not supported this association of substance abuse and HIV acquisition, viral load and exacerbated tissue damage. It is with this understanding that we undertake a reevaluation of the in vitro studies within the context of the microvascular immune environment. In this regard, a counter-intuitive hypothesis emerges, namely, that specific substances of abuse may afford a degree of protection from HIV infection. This new hypothesis involves the neural, immune, and vascular signaling molecule nitric oxide.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Individual and sex differences in frontloading behavior and approach- avoidance conflict preference predict addiction-like ethanol seeking in rats.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychology (Scarborough), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Recent research has identified sex-dependent links between risk taking behaviors, approach-avoidance bias and alcohol intake. However, preclinical studies have typically assessed alcohol drinking using a singular dimension of intake (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and preclinical testing of a naloxone prodrug depot for extended protection against opioid overdose.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, US.
The opioid crisis, driven by synthetic opioids like fentanyl, demands innovative solutions. The opioid antidote naloxone has a short action ( ~ 1 hour), requiring repeated doses. To address this, we present a new and simple naloxone prodrug delivery system repurposing a hydrophilic derivative of acoramidis, a potent transthyretin ligand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence Estimates of Mental Illness among Parents in the United States: Results from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021-2023.
Ann Epidemiol
January 2025
Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD.
Early life stress and pubertal predictors of subsequent substance use in a national diverse sample of adolescents: Sex and substance type matter.
Drug Alcohol Depend
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th St, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Early life stress (ELS) increases the risk of substance use disorder (SUD) in adulthood. The pathway from ELS to SUD is hypothesized to be influenced by sex. We examine the impact of ELS on adolescent first substance use, a common precursor to adult SUDs, and test for sex differences in the relationship between ELS and risk of first use of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathways from violence exposure to medication non-adherence: exploration of mental health symptoms and coping in people living with HIV in the U.S. South.
AIDS Care
January 2025
Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
In the current study, we examine associations between exposure to violence and antiretroviral medication adherence in persons with HIV (PWH) in a southern city in the United States. We include investigation of a variety of violence exposures including childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, witnessing family violence, lifetime violence exposures and current stress related to violence experiences, as well as neighborhood violence exposure. We examined associations between violence exposures and adherence and mediational pathways between these variables including mental health symptoms - specifically depressive, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms - as well as coping strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!