Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) lead to severe and unpredictable side effects that are costly for individuals and the economy overall. As baby boomers enter their osteoarthritis years, there will be an increasing demand for safe and effective arthritis therapies. Animal and human data suggest that celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor, will provide an efficacious treatment without the side effects of conventional NSAIDs. Clinicians will need to determine individually and collegially how best to incorporate this new class of drugs into comprehensive treatment algorithms.
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Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) agitation is a distressing neuropsychiatric symptom characterized by excessive motor activity, verbal aggression, or physical aggression. Agitation is one of the causes of caregiver distress, increased morbidity and mortality, and early institutionalization in patients with AD. Current medications used for the management of agitation have modest efficacy and have substantial side effects.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A., Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: The vicious cycle between depression and dementia increases the risk of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis and pathology. This study investigates therapeutic effectiveness versus side effects and the underlying mechanisms of intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles (IDNs) to treat depression behavior and memory loss in 5XFAD mice.
Method: 5XFAD and wild-type B6SJLF1/J mice were treated with IDNs (IDN, 5 mg/kg) in Ryanodex formulation for a duration of 12 weeks.
Background: The therapeutic management of dementia with Lewy bodies (LBD) is a challenge given the high sensitivity to drugs in this disease. This is particularly sensitive with regard to the management of parkinsonism. In particular, treatment of motor symptoms with levodopa or dopaminergic agonists poses a risk of worsening cognitive and behavioral symptoms.
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Alzheimers Dement
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School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA.
Background: Although novel treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have begun to show modest therapeutic effects, agents that target hallmark AD pathology and offer neuroprotection are desired. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone with neuroprotective effects but is faced with challenges including limited brain uptake and increased hematopoietic side effects with long-term dosing. Therefore, EPO has been modified and bound to a chimeric transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody (cTfRMAb); the latter shuttles EPO past the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into brain parenchyma and reduces its plasma exposure and potential for side effects.
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