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Machine Learning Predicts Non-Preferred and Preferred Vertebrate Hosts of Tsetse Flies (Glossina spp.) Based on Skin Volatile Emission Profiles.
J Chem Ecol
March 2025
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Tsetse fly vectors of African trypanosomosis preferentially feed on certain vertebrates largely determined by olfactory cues they emit. Previously, we established that three skin-derived ketones including 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone and geranyl acetone accounted for avoidance of zebra by tsetse flies. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these three ketones serve as biomarkers for tsetse flies to distinguish between non-preferred- and preferred-vertebrate hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwatting Flies: Biting Insects as Non-Invasive Samplers for Mammalian Population Genomics.
Mol Ecol
January 2025
School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Advances in next-generation sequencing have allowed the use of DNA obtained from unusual sources for wildlife studies. However, these samples have been used predominantly to sequence mitochondrial DNA for species identification while population genetics analyses have been rare. Since next-generation sequencing allows indiscriminate detection of all DNA fragments in a sample, technically it should be possible to sequence whole genomes of animals from environmental samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTsetse flies and trypanosomosis significantly impact bovine production and human health in sub-Saharan Africa, exacerbating underdevelopment, malnutrition, and poverty. Despite various control strategies, long-term success has been limited. This study evaluates the combined use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and the sterile insect technique (SIT) to combat tsetse flies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiversity of trypanosomes in tsetse fly caught in two "silent" sleeping sickness foci of Bafia and the Manoka Island in Cameroon.
Parasitol Int
February 2025
Faculty of Science and Technology, Evangelical University Institute of Cameroon, PO Box. 127, Bandjoun, Cameroon. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Surveillance of "silent" human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) foci in Cameroon is crucial for meeting the World Health Organization's goal of interrupting disease transmission by 2030, prompting a study on trypanosome species present in Bafia and Manoka island.
- Using georeferenced traps, researchers captured 1683 tsetse flies and employed molecular methods to identify trypanosome species and examine blood meal sources, highlighting areas at high risk for transmission.
- The study found a notable difference in tsetse fly density and infection rates between the two regions, with a 7.34% overall infection rate and mixed infections primarily involving Trypanozoon and T. congolense
An Overview of Tsetse Fly Repellents: Identification and Applications.
J Chem Ecol
November 2024
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa.
Tsetse flies are vectors of the parasite trypanosoma that cause the neglected tropical diseases human and animal African trypanosomosis. Semiochemicals play important roles in the biology and ecology of tsetse flies. Previous reviews have focused on olfactory-based attractants of tsetse flies.
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