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The objective of this Scientific Opinion is to assess the hazards and welfare consequences associated with the slaughter of horses for human consumption. The entire slaughter procedure, from arrival at the slaughterhouse until death, is divided into three phases: Phase 1 - pre-stunning, Phase 2 - stunning and Phase 3 - bleeding. Phase 1 includes the following processes (in chronological order): (a) arrival, (b) unloading of the animals from the vehicle, (c) lairage, (d) handling and moving to the stunning area and (e) restraint before application of the stunning method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorses of different ages may have to be killed on-farm for purposes other than slaughter (where slaughter is defined as killing for human consumption) either individually (i.e. on-farm killing of unproductive, injured or terminally ill animals) or on a large-scale (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Background: Depression is a common mental disorder accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis, which disturbs the metabolism of the host. While diurnal oscillation of the intestinal microbiota is involved in regulating host metabolism, the characteristics of the intestinal microbial circadian rhythm in depression remain unknown. Our aim was to investigate the microbial circadian oscillation signature and related metabolic pathways in a mouse model with depression-like behaviours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Psychol
January 2025
Department of Psychological Clinical Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Objective: Emotion intolerance and perfectionism are two maintaining mechanisms to eating disorder symptomology. However, it is unclear how these mechanisms relate to one another. This study explored whether perfectionism is a vulnerability factor for facets of restrictive eating in the context of body-related emotions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, ul. Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
Designing RNA sequences that form a specific structure remains a challenge. Current computational methods often struggle with the complexity of RNA structures, especially when considering pseudoknots or restrictions related to RNA function. We developed DesiRNA, a computational tool for the design of RNA sequences based on the Replica Exchange Monte Carlo approach.
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