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Hemodynamic Management with Vasopressin for Cardiovascular Surgery.
Medicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Tsukuba Institute of Medicine, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
: Vasopressin increases blood pressure through aquaporin-2-mediated water retention and is useful for managing hemodynamics after surgery. However, even after decades of study, clear clinical guidelines on doses and ideal use cases after cardiovascular surgery remain unclear. Here, the existing literature is synthesized on vasopressin use for cardiac surgeries and coupled with real-world clinical experience to outline a clearer clinical path for vasopressin use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGoreisan promotes diuresis by regulating the abundance of aquaporin 2 phosphorylated at serine 269 through calcium-sensing receptor activation.
Sci Rep
November 2024
TSUMURA Kampo Research Laboratories, Research & Development Division, TSUMURA & CO., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is essential for water reabsorption and urine concentration, and its localization in kidney cells is influenced by anti-diuretic hormones, making it a target for specific medications.
- This study looked at how Goreisan (GRS), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, affects urine production and AQP2 levels in mice, particularly under conditions induced by desmopressin.
- Findings revealed that GRS enhances diuretic effects by temporarily raising calcium levels in cells and decreasing the accumulation of phosphorylated AQP2 at the kidney's luminal surface, thus helping to regulate urine volume.
The biology of water homeostasis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant
October 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Water homeostasis is regulated by a brain-kidney axis involving osmoreceptors and hormones like arginine vasopressin (AVP), which aids in water reabsorption through specific channels in the kidneys.
- Water balance disorders, caused by issues with AVP or thirst sensation, can lead to conditions like hyponatremia or hypernatremia, which stress cells and trigger adaptive responses.
- Recent research has identified new regulators of AQP2 water channels and highlighted the negative effects of chronic low water levels on organ function, underscoring the importance of these findings for developing treatment options for water balance disorders.
Cellular trafficking of the water channel aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in collecting duct principal cells (PC) to maintain proper water balance in animals. Critical actin depolymerization/polymerization events are involved in both constitutive AQP2 recycling, and the pathway stimulated by vasopressin receptor signaling. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays an important role in modulating the actin cytoskeleton through inhibiting small GTPases, and multiple studies have shown the involvement of FAK in insulin and cholesterol trafficking through actin regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisruption of mitochondrial electron transport impairs urinary concentration via AMPK-dependent suppression of aquaporin 2.
JCI Insight
November 2024
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Urinary concentration is an energy-dependent process that minimizes body water loss by increasing aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expression in collecting duct (CD) principal cells. To investigate the role of mitochondrial (mt) ATP production in renal water clearance, we disrupted mt electron transport in CD cells by targeting ubiquinone (Q) binding protein QPC (UQCRQ), a subunit of mt complex III essential for oxidative phosphorylation. QPC-deficient mice produced less concentrated urine than controls, both at baseline and after type 2 vasopressin receptor stimulation with desmopressin.
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