Background: Contact lenses which change the structure and color of the iris are used not only for many therapeutic situations but also for cosmetic reasons. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether such lenses cause impairment of visual functions.
Material And Methods: In healthy volunteers with an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 a clear soft-fitting lens and a special effect soft contact lens (Crazy lens, Bach Optic, Cologne) were tested in changing sequence. The following parameters were studied: visual acuity, contrast sensitivity (MCT 8000, VisTech Cons., Dayton, Ohio), Goldmann visual field, mesopic vision (Nyktometer, Rodenstock, Munich), and subjective wear comfort on a scale from 1 (excellent) to 10 (poor). Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney U-test.
Results: Nine volunteers with a mean age of 29.9 +/- 5.1 years were analyzed. Visual acuity was reduced to 0.9 +/- 0.23 in the Crazy lens group compared to 1.2 +/- 0.13 in the clear lens group. Mesopic vision without glare was reduced from 1:2.5 to 1:7.4. Goldmann visual field displayed a significant constriction of following isopters: III/4, I/4, and I/3. Contrast sensitivity was significantly reduced in a photopic condition with and without glare and in a scotopic condition without glare; there was, however, an increase in contrast sensitivity in a scotopic condition with glare. Furthermore a decrease in wear comfort from 2.8 +/- 1.4 with the clear fitting lens to 5.7 +/- 2.1 with the print-lens was found.
Conclusion: The tested special-effect contact lenses are associated with a reduction of many visual functions, including visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. This may interfere in some wearers with the ability to drive a car.
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