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National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.

Periodic lattice distortion, known as the charge density wave, is generally attributed to electron-phonon coupling. This correlation is expected to induce a pseudogap at the Fermi level in order to gain the required energy for stable lattice distortion. The transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-VSe also undergoes such a transition at 110 K.

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International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.

How Cooper pairs form and condense has been the main challenge in the physics of copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors. Great efforts have been made in the 'underdoped' region of the phase diagram, through doping a Mott insulator or cooling a strange metal. However, there is still no consensus on how superconductivity emerges when electron-electron correlations dominate and the Fermi surface is missing.

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School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India.

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Control over a Wide Phase Diagram of 2D Correlated Electrons by Surface Doping; K/1-TaS.

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We demonstrate the systematic tuning of a trivial insulator into a Mott insulator and a Mott insulator into a correlated metallic and a pseudogap state, which emerge in a quasi-two-dimensional electronic system of 1-TaS through strong electron correlation. The band structure evolution is investigated upon surface doping by alkali adsorbates for two distinct phases occurring at around 220 and 10 K by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. We find contrasting behaviors upon doping that corroborate the fundamental difference of two electronic states: while the antibonding state of the spin-singlet insulator at 10 K is partially occupied to produce an emerging Mott insulating state, the presumed Mott insulating state at 220 K evolves into a correlated metallic state and then a pseudogap state.

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