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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.3424 | DOI Listing |
Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) was utilized to analyze an aortic dissection with an aberrant right subclavian artery, revealing vortex formation and an increased oscillatory shear index (OSI), both indicative of variations in wall shear stress. An elevated OSI has been associated with an elevated risk of aortic dissection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Biomed Eng
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, MSC 1185-208-125, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Purpose: To determine how the biomechanical vulnerability of the human brain is affected by features of individual anatomy and loading.
Methods: To identify the features that contribute most to brain vulnerability, we imparted mild harmonic acceleration to the head and measured the resulting brain motion and deformation using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Oscillatory motion was imparted to the heads of adult participants using a lateral actuator (n = 24) or occipital actuator (n = 24) at 20 Hz, 30 Hz, and 50 Hz.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
December 2024
Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States.
This review highlights the crucial role of neuroelectrophysiology in illuminating the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and progression, emphasizing its potential to inform the development of effective treatments. Electrophysiological techniques provide unparalleled precision in exploring the intricate networks affected by AD, offering insights into the synaptic dysfunction, network alterations, and oscillatory abnormalities that characterize the disease. We discuss a range of electrophysiological methods, from non-invasive clinical techniques like electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography to invasive recordings in animal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
December 2024
Movement and Cognitive Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) interventions could feasibly treat stroke-related motor impairments, but their effects are highly variable. Brain state-dependent TMS approaches are a promising solution to this problem, but inter-individual variation in lesion location and oscillatory dynamics can make translating them to the poststroke brain challenging. Personalized brain state-dependent approaches specifically designed to address these challenges are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
December 2024
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Domain-general cognitive systems are essential for adaptive human behaviour, supporting various cognitive tasks through flexible neural mechanisms. While fMRI studies link frontoparietal network activation to increasing demands across various tasks, the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying this domain-general response to demand remain unclear. Here, we used MEG/EEG, and separated the aperiodic and oscillatory components of the signals to examine their roles in domain-general cognition across three cognitive tasks using multivariate analysis.
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