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Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13-40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocal cortical structure pattern and genetic links in schizophrenia: An MRI and CRISPR/Cas9 study.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Digital Medicine and Smart Healthcare Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
While the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ) remains elusive, its diverse phenotypes suggest the involvement of distinct functional cortical areas, and the heritability of SZ implies the underlying genetic factors. This study aimed to integrate imaging and molecular analyses to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of SZ. We investigated the local cortical structural pattern changes in Brodmann areas (BAs) by calculating the cortical structural pattern index (SPI) using magnetic resonance imaging analysis from 194 individuals with SZ and 330 controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal neural circuits and altered brain network topological properties in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a common cause of chronic vestibular syndrome. Although previous studies have identified central abnormalities in PPPD, the specific neural circuits and the alterations in brain network topological properties, and their association with dizziness and postural instability in PPPD remain unclear. This study includes 30 PPPD patients and 30 healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKinetics of recovery and normalization of running biomechanics following aerobic-based exercise-induced muscle damage in recreational male runners.
J Sci Med Sport
January 2025
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. Electronic address:
Objectives: The study aimed to examine the effects of exercise-induced muscle damage on running kinetics.
Design: Twenty-six adult recreational male runners performed 60 min of downhill running (-10 %) at 65 % of maximal heart rate. Running gait changes, systemic and localized muscle damage markers were assessed pre - and post-exercise induced muscle damage protocol.
The Brain's Aging Resting State Functional Connectivity.
J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
Resting state networks (RSNs) of the brain are characterized as correlated spontaneous time-varying fluctuations in the absence of goal-directed tasks. These networks can be local or large-scale spanning the brain. The study of the spatiotemporal properties of such networks has helped understand the brain's fundamental functional organization under healthy and diseased states.
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