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Detection of ultrafast electron energization by whistler-mode chorus waves in the magnetosphere of Earth.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, 252-5210, Japan.
Electromagnetic whistler-mode chorus waves are a key driver of variations in energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's magnetosphere through the wave-particle interaction. Traditionally understood as a diffusive process, these interactions account for long-term electron flux variations (> several minutes). However, theories suggest that chorus waves can also cause rapid (< 1 s) electron acceleration and significant flux variations within less than a second through a nonlinear wave-particle interaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe weakly ionized plasma in the Earth's ionosphere is controlled by a complex interplay between solar and magnetospheric inputs from above, atmospheric processes from below, and plasma electrodynamics from within. This interaction results in ionosphere structuring and variability that pose major challenges for accurate ionosphere prediction for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) related applications and space weather research. The ionospheric structuring and variability are often probed using the total electron content (TEC) and its relative perturbations (dTEC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCollisionless cooling of perpendicular electron temperature in the thermal quench of a magnetized plasma.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA.
Thermal quench of a nearly collisionless plasma against an isolated cooling boundary or region is an undesirable off-normal event in magnetic fusion experiments, but an ubiquitous process of cosmological importance in astrophysical plasmas. Parallel transport theory of ambipolar-constrained tail electron loss is known to predict rapid cooling of the parallel electron temperature [Formula: see text] although [Formula: see text] is difficult to diagnose in actual experiments. Instead direct experimental measurements can readily track the perpendicular electron temperature [Formula: see text] via electron cyclotron emission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhistler echo trains triggered by energetic winter lightning.
Nat Commun
August 2024
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, Sodankylä, Helsinki, Finland.
Lightning generated electromagnetic impulses propagating in the magnetospheric plasma disperse into whistlers - several seconds long radio wave signals with decreasing frequency. Sometimes, multiple reflections form long echo trains containing many whistlers with increasing dispersion. On January 3, 2017, two necessary prerequisites - a pronounced lightning activity and a magnetospheric plasma duct - allowed for observations of a large number of whistler echo trains by the high-latitude station in Kannuslehto, Finland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of Coupled Landau and Anomalous Resonances in Space Plasmas.
Phys Rev Lett
July 2024
Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA.
Wave-particle resonance, a ubiquitous process in the plasma universe, occurs when resonant particles observe a constant wave phase to enable sustained energy transfer. Here, we present spacecraft observations of simultaneous Landau and anomalous resonances between oblique whistler waves and the same group of protons, which are evidenced, respectively, by phase-space rings in parallel-velocity spectra and phase-bunched distributions in gyrophase spectra. Our results indicate the coupling between Landau and anomalous resonances via the overlapping of the resonance islands.
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