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A Review of Vancomycin, Gentamicin, and Amikacin Population Pharmacokinetic Models in Neonates and Infants.
Clin Pharmacokinet
January 2025
Division of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Service, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Population pharmacokinetic (popPK) models are an essential tool when implementing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and to overcome dosing challenges in neonates in clinical practice. Since vancomycin, gentamicin, and amikacin are among the most prescribed antibiotics for the neonatal population, we aimed to characterize the popPK models of these antibiotics and the covariates that may influence the pharmacokinetic parameters in neonates and infants with no previous pathologies. We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and the bibliographies of relevant articles from inception to the beginning of February 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntra-articular injection of vancomycin after arthrotomy closure following gentamicin-impregnated bone cementation in primary total knee arthroplasty provides a high intra-articular concentration while avoiding systemic toxicity: a prospective study.
J Orthop Surg Res
December 2024
Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China.
Background: This study aimed to elucidate the safety and intra-articular elution profiles of vancomycin and gentamicin bone cement in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with a focus on serum safety thresholds and therapeutic efficacy.
Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA were prospectively enrolled. The implants were fixed using gentamicin-impregnated bone cement, and after arthrotomy closure, 1000 mg of vancomycin suspended in 25 mL of normal saline was directly injected into the joint.
Gentamicin Pharmacokinetics in Neonates Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Paediatr Drugs
January 2025
Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the pharmacokinetic profile of gentamicin among neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (TH) treatment.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of neonates with HIE undergoing TH in the neonatal intensive care unit who received gentamicin between 2009 and 2014. Demographic information, diagnoses, laboratory test results, and medication administration and monitoring information were collected, and data were analyzed using SciPy.
A multifunctional hydrogel dressing loaded with antibiotics for healing of infected wound.
Int J Pharm
December 2024
School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address:
Wound bacterial infections can significantly delay the healing process and even lead to fetal sepsis. There is a need for multifunctional dressings that possess antibacterial property, tissue adhesive property, self-healing capability, and biocompatibility to effectively treat bacteria-infected wound. In this study, we report a dual dynamically crosslinked hydrogel, OHA-PBA/PVA/Gen, which incorporates the antibiotic gentamicin (Gen) as a dynamic crosslinker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone, gentamicin, meropenem and vancomycin in liver cirrhosis: a systematic review.
J Antimicrob Chemother
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Objectives: Patients with liver cirrhosis are prone to develop severe bacterial infections. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of antibiotics in cirrhosis are potentially affected by impaired biotransformation phases 0-3 and consequences of portal hypertension such as portovenous shunting, ascites formation and/or acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to elucidate to what extent PK of selected antibiotics and, therefore, dosage recommendations are affected in adults with cirrhosis.
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