The genus Streptococcus consists of large number of species many of which are pathogenic to humans and animals. Although streptococci have long been considered as extracellular pathogens, they are capable of causing serious invasive infections such as necrotizing fasciitis and meningitis. Streptococcal invasion, therefore, has been a focus of many studies in recent years. Streptococci are efficiently internalized by nonprofessional phagocytes and the current research interest has shifted to determine the role of this invasion in the natural infection process. Moreover, characterization of bacterial and eukaryotic components involved in the uptake process might be useful in developing new strategies for combating streptococcal infections.
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