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Observation of the Smallest Three-Dimensional Neutral Boron Cluster.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.
Despite major progress in the investigation of boron cluster anions, direct experimental study of neutral boron clusters remains a significant challenge because of the difficulty in size selection. Here we report a size-specific study of the neutral B cluster using threshold photoionization with a tunable vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser. The ionization potential of B is measured to be 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPicometre-level surface control of a closed-loop, adaptive X-ray mirror with integrated real-time interferometric feedback.
J Synchrotron Radiat
January 2025
CAEN, Viareggio, Italy.
We provide a technical description and experimental results of the practical development and offline testing of an innovative, closed-loop, adaptive mirror system capable of making rapid, precise and ultra-stable changes in the size and shape of reflected X-ray beams generated at synchrotron light and free-electron laser facilities. The optical surface of a piezoelectric bimorph deformable mirror is continuously monitored at 20 kHz by an array of interferometric sensors. This matrix of height data is autonomously converted into voltage commands that are sent at 1 Hz to the piezo actuators to modify the shape of the mirror optical surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA core network in the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid NTD mediates structural integrity and selective RNA-binding.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is indispensable for viral RNA genome processing. Although the N-terminal domain (NTD) is suggested to mediate specific RNA-interactions, high-resolution structures with viral RNA are still lacking. Available hybrid structures of the NTD with ssRNA and dsRNA provide valuable insights; however, the precise mechanism of complex formation remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-time analysis of liquid jet sample delivery stability for an X-ray free-electron laser using machine vision.
J Appl Crystallogr
December 2024
School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia.
Automated evaluation of optical microscopy images of liquid jets, commonly used for sample delivery at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), enables real-time tracking of the jet position and liquid jet hit rates, defined here as the proportion of XFEL pulses intersecting with the liquid jet. This method utilizes machine vision for preprocessing, feature extraction, segmentation and jet detection as well as tracking to extract key physical characteristics (such as the jet angle) from optical microscopy images captured during experiments. To determine the effectiveness of these tools in monitoring jet stability and enhancing sample delivery efficiency, we conducted XFEL experiments with various sample compositions (pure water, buffer and buffer with crystals), nozzle designs and jetting conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComprehensive characterization of gas dynamic virtual nozzles for x-ray free-electron laser experiments.
Struct Dyn
November 2024
Maricopa High School, Maricopa, Arizona 85139, USA.
We introduce a hardware-software system for rapidly characterizing liquid microjets for x-ray diffraction experiments. An open-source python-based software package allows for programmatic and automated data collection and analysis. We show how jet speed, length, and diameter are influenced by nozzle geometry, gas flow rate, liquid viscosity, and liquid flow rate.
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