Background: A phospholipid, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), is the major determinant of the atherosclerotic properties of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Under normal circumstances most LPC is bound to albumin. We hypothesized that lipoprotein LPC concentrations are increased in hypoalbuminemic patients with the nephrotic syndrome, irrespective of their lipid levels. To test this hypothesis, we selected nephrotic and control subjects with matched LDL cholesterol levels.
Methods: Lipoproteins and the albumin-rich lipoprotein-deficient fractions were separated by ultracentrifugation and their phospholipid composition was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography.
Results: Nephrotic subjects (albumin 23 +/- 2 g/liter and LDL cholesterol 3.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/liter) had a LDL LPC concentration that was increased (P < 0.05) to 66 +/- 7 vs. 35 +/- 6 micromol/liter in matched controls (albumin 42 +/- 5 g/liter and LDL cholesterol 3.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/liter). LPC in very low-density lipoprotein plus intermediate-density lipoprotein (VLDL + IDL) in these subjects was also increased to 33 +/- 7 vs. 9 +/- 2 micromol/liter in controls (P < 0.05). Conversely, LPC was decreased to 19 +/- 4 micromol/liter in the albumin-containing fraction of these hypoalbuminemic patients, as compared to 46 +/- 10 micromol/liter in the controls (P < 0.05). LPC was also low (14 +/- 4 micromol/liter) in the albumin-containing fraction of hypoalbuminemic, hypocholesterolemic patients with nonrenal diseases. In hyperlipidemic nephrotic subjects (albumin 21 +/- 2 g/liter and LDL cholesterol 5.7 +/- 0.5 mmol/liter) the LPC levels in LDL and VLDL + IDL were further increased, to 95 +/- 20 and 56 +/- 23 micromol/liter, respectively (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that in the presence of hypoalbuminemia in combination with proteinuria, LPC shifts from albumin to VLDL, IDL and LDL. This effect is independent of hyperlipidemia. Increased LPC in lipoproteins may be an important factor in the disproportionate increase in cardiovascular disease in nephrotic patients with hypoalbuminemia.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.0550031005.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Hyperhomocysteinaemia, vascular related pregnancy complications and the response to vitamin supplementation in pregnant women of Pakistan.
J Pak Med Assoc
September 2010
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
Objectives: To elaborate the relationship between serum homocysteine (hcy) levels and vascular related pregnancy complications in pregnant women as well as to assess the homocysteine lowering effects of folate, vitamin 812 and 86. The secondary objectives were to establish a link between serum homocysteine levels and maternal age, parity, gestational age, foetal birth weight, mean arterial pressure and albuminuria.
Methods: A total of 332 pregnant women (gestational age: >24 weeks) attending Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, Pakistan, were enrolled.
Resveratrol, a red wine constituent, blocks the antimitogenic effects of estradiol on human female coronary artery smooth muscle cells.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
September 2010
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic for Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091-CH, Switzerland.
Context: Antimitogenic effects of estradiol on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may be cardioprotective, and these effects are mediated by estrogen receptor-alpha-dependent and -independent mechanisms, with the latter involving the conversion of estradiol to 2-hydroxyestradiol/2-methoxyestradiol by CYP450. Because resveratrol inhibits CYP450 and is an estrogen-receptor-alpha antagonist, resveratrol may abrogate the antimitogenic effects of estradiol.
Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the interaction of pharmacologically relevant concentrations of resveratrol with estradiol, 2-hydroxyestradiol, and 2-methoxyestradiol in human female coronary artery VSMCs.
A single night of partial sleep deprivation induces insulin resistance in multiple metabolic pathways in healthy subjects.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
June 2010
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, C4-R, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Background: Subsequent nights with partial sleep restriction result in impaired glucose tolerance, but the effects on insulin sensitivity have not been characterized.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single night of partial sleep restriction on parameters of insulin sensitivity.
Research Design And Methods: Nine healthy subjects (five men, four women) were studied once after a night of normal sleep duration (sleep allowed from 2300 to 0730 h), and once after a night of 4 h of sleep (sleep allowed from 0100 to 0500 h).
Benefit of early conversion from CNI-based to everolimus-based immunosuppression in heart transplantation.
J Heart Lung Transplant
June 2010
Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Background: Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-induced nephrotoxicity is a feared adverse effect after heart transplantation (HTx). In patients with advanced renal failure we performed an overnight conversion from cyclosporine (CsA) to everolimus within the first year after HTx and compared changes in renal function to a similar switch performed in a group of long-term HTx survivors with 24-month follow up.
Methods: Sixteen HTx recipients (Group 1), including 5 patients undergoing dialysis, were switched overnight from CsA to everolimus at 5.
Effects on lipoprotein particles of long-term dehydroepiandrosterone in elderly men and women and testosterone in elderly men.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
April 2010
Division of Endocrinology, Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Context: Although age-related declines in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and testosterone are associated with cardiovascular risk, it remains to be determined whether replacement of these hormones improves cardiovascular risk factors.
Objective: This study sought to determine the effect of long-term replacement of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in elderly men and women and testosterone in elderly men on lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and particle sizes.
Methods: A 2-yr randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was conducted in 87 elderly men with low levels of DHEAS and bioavailable testosterone and 57 elderly women with low levels of DHEAS.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!