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Unveiling the Molecular Architecture of HBV Spherical Subviral Particles: Structure, Symmetry, and Lipid Dynamics.
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Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Since the discovery of the Australia antigen, now known as the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), significant research has been conducted to elucidate its physical, chemical, structural, and functional properties. Subviral particles (SVPs) containing HBsAg are highly immunogenic, non-infectious entities that have not only revolutionized vaccine development but also provided critical insights into HBV immune evasion and viral assembly. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have uncovered the heterogeneity and dynamic nature of spherical HBV SVPs, emphasizing the essential role of lipid-protein interactions in maintaining particle stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSymmetry Breaking as a Basis for Characterization of Dielectric Materials.
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January 2025
University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
This paper introduces a novel method for measuring the dielectric permittivity of materials within the microwave and millimeter wave frequency ranges. The proposed approach, classified as a guided wave transmission system, employs a periodic transmission line structure characterized by mirror/glide symmetry. The dielectric permittivity is deduced by measuring the transmission properties of such structure when presence of the dielectric material breaks the inherent symmetry of the structure and consequently introduce a stopband in propagation characteristic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructured Dynamics in the Algorithmic Agent.
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Computational Neuroscience Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
In the Kolmogorov Theory of Consciousness, algorithmic agents utilize inferred compressive models to track coarse-grained data produced by simplified world models, capturing regularities that structure subjective experience and guide action planning. Here, we study the dynamical aspects of this framework by examining how the requirement of tracking natural data drives the structural and dynamical properties of the agent. We first formalize the notion of a using the language of symmetry from group theory, specifically employing Lie pseudogroups to describe the continuous transformations that characterize invariance in natural data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInformation Theoretical Analysis of Quantum Mixedness in a Finite Model of Interacting Fermions.
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CeBio-Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA), CONICET, Junin 6000, Argentina.
In this study, we utilize information theory tools to investigate notable features of the quantum degree of mixedness (Cf) in a finite model of interacting fermions. This model serves as a simplified proxy for an atomic nucleus, capturing its essential features in a more manageable form compared to a realistic nuclear model, which would require the diagonalization of matrices with millions of elements, making the extraction of qualitative features a significant challenge. Specifically, we aim to correlate Cf with particle number fluctuations and temperature, using the paradigmatic Lipkin model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural and luminescent properties of a Cr/Sm doped GdAlO orthorhombic perovskite for solid-state lighting applications.
RSC Adv
January 2025
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultade de Óptica e Optometríae Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS) Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) 15782 Galicia Spain.
The Cr and Sm doped GdAlO perovskite with formula GdSmAlCrO, was synthesized a solid-state reaction method, and its structure, morphology, and photoluminescence properties were thoroughly investigated. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, with Cr transition-metal ions substituting Al in the octahedral symmetry site, and Sm lanthanide (rare-earth) ions occupying the tetrahedral site. The material's morphology and chemical composition homogeneity were evaluated through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis.
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