Publications by authors named "von Sarnowski B"
Article Synopsis
- This study looks at how doctors can figure out who might have memory problems after spine surgery in older patients, focusing on those 60 and up.
- They're using special tests before surgery, like brain scans and blood flow tests, to see if a certain measurement (the pulsatility index) can predict if someone will have issues like confusion after surgery.
- The results showed that about 1 in 5 patients had post-operative delirium, and older patients were more likely to experience it, with specific test scores helping to predict these problems.
Purpose: Drug administration via feeding tubes is considered a process with many uncertainties. This review aimed to give a comprehensive overview of data available on feeding tube application and to carry out risk assessments for drug substances commonly administered to stroke patients.
Methods: Drugs frequently administered via feeding tubes were identified through a retrospective analysis of discharge letters from a stroke unit.
Insula damage results in substantial impairments in facial emotion recognition. In particular, left hemispheric damage appears to be associated with poorer recognition of aversively rated facial expressions. Functional imaging can provide information on differences in the processing of these stimuli in patients with insula lesions when compared to healthy matched controls (HCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Incidence of cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) in young adults is increasing. Early left atrial (LA) myopathy might be 1 of the underlying mechanisms, but this has only been scarcely explored.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between increased LA stiffness and CIS in young adults.
Background: The underlying risk factors for young-onset cryptogenic ischaemic stroke (CIS) remain unclear. This multicentre study aimed to explore the association between heavy alcohol consumption and CIS with subgroup analyses stratified by sex and age.
Methods: Altogether, 540 patients aged 18-49 years (median age 41; 47.
The role of the human insula in facial emotion recognition is controversially discussed, especially in relation to lesion-location-dependent impairment following stroke. In addition, structural connectivity quantification of important white-matter tracts that link the insula to impairments in facial emotion recognition has not been investigated. In a case-control study, we investigated a group of 29 stroke patients in the chronic stage and 14 healthy age- and gender-matched controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Design: Prospective quasi-experimental observational study.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether duration of surgery is a modifiable risk factor for postoperative delirium (POD) after spine surgery and explore further modifiable risk factors. In addition, we sought to investigate the association between POD and postoperative cognitive dysfunction and persistent neurocognitive disorders.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates long-term outcomes for young patients (ages 18-55) who experienced ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, focusing on recurrent vascular events and mortality rates over time.
- A total of 396 patients were followed for an average of 11.8 years, revealing that 22.5% experienced recurrent vascular events and 6.8% died during the follow-up period.
- Key findings included the association of atrial fibrillation with higher risk of recurrent events, highlighting the need for improved individual risk assessment and preventive strategies to reduce future occurrences.
Background And Purpose: The insula has important functions in monitoring and integrating physiological responses to a personal experience of multimodal input. The experience of chills in response to auditory stimuli is an important example for a relevant arousing experience coupled with bodily response. A group study about altered chill experiences in patients with insula lesions is lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Post-stroke delirium (PSD) is a modifiable predictor for worse outcome in stroke. Knowledge of its risk factors would facilitate clinical management of affected patients, but recently updated national guidelines consider available evidence insufficient.
Aims: The study aimed to establish risk factors for PSD incidence and duration using high-frequency screening.
Obesity and the Risk of Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
May 2022
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the link between obesity and early-onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) in young adults, focusing on how fat distribution and gender might influence this relationship.
- - In a sample of 345 young patients with acute CIS and an equal number of stroke-free controls, the research found a significant association between higher waist-to-hip ratios (WHR) and the risk of CIS, particularly in women.
- - Results indicated that while WHR was a strong independent risk factor for CIS in young adults, other obesity measures like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference did not show a similar association after controlling for various factors.
Background And Objectives: There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of stroke in young adults, with major regional and ethnic differences. Advancing knowledge of ethnic and regional variation in causes and outcomes will be beneficial in implementation of regional health care services. We studied the global distribution of risk factors, causes, and 3-month mortality of young patients with ischemic stroke, by performing a patient data meta-analysis from different cohorts worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Stroke is the leading neurological cause of adult long-term disability in Europe. Even though functional consequences directly related to neurological impairment are well studied, post-stroke trajectories of functional health according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health are poorly understood. Particularly, no study investigated the relationship between post-stroke trajectories of activities of daily living (ADL) and self-rated health (SRH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Poststroke delirium (PSD) is an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome. Despite its individual and socioeconomic burden, its frequency, clinical course, and routine detection remain unresolved. This study aimed to assess psychometric properties of established delirium screening tools and investigate the natural course of PSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroke patients are at risk of acquiring secondary infections due to stroke-induced immune suppression (SIIS). Immunosuppressive cells comprise myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and immunosuppressive interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing monocytes. MDSCs represent a small but heterogeneous population of monocytic, polymorphonuclear (or granulocytic), and early progenitor cells ("early" MDSC), which can expand extensively in pathophysiological conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the association between migraine and cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) in young adults, with subgroup analyses stratified by sex and presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO).
Methods: We prospectively enrolled 347 consecutive patients aged 18 to 49 years with a recent CIS and 347 age- and sex-matched (±5 years) stroke-free controls. Any migraine and migraine with (MA) and migraine without aura (MO) were identified by a screener, which we validated against a headache neurologist.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/15488.].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Elderly people are at particular high risk for postoperative delirium (POD) following spine surgery, which is associated with longer hospital stays, higher costs, risk for delayed complications, long-term care dependency, and cognitive dysfunction (POCD). It is insufficiently understood which mechanisms and risk factors contribute to the development of POD and POCD following these major but plannable surgeries.
Objective: This study aims to identify modifiable risk factors in spine surgery.
Stroke induces immediate profound alterations of the peripheral immune system rendering patients more susceptible to post-stroke infections. The precise mechanisms maintaining stroke-induced immune alterations (SIIA) remain unknown. High-Mobility-Group-Protein B1 (HMGB-1) is elevated for at least 7 days post-stroke and has been suggested to mediate SIIA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Correct identification of inflammatory etiologies of stroke is of outmost importance as they require treatment of the underlying disease. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of inflammatory changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) observed in young cryptogenic stroke patients.
Materials And Methods: Of 6476 records of patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke, 278 had confirmed ischemia in brain imaging and received lumbar puncture.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to investigate the genetic and lifestyle factors that contribute to MRI-defined brain infarcts (BI) using large population cohorts.
- Researchers conducted meta-analyses on data from 18 cohorts, revealing a 17.7% prevalence of BI, particularly increasing after age 65, and identified two significant genetic loci associated with BI.
- High blood pressure and its genetic risk factors emerged as the most significant modifiable risk factors for BI, highlighting the need for more extensive datasets to confirm the findings.
Article Synopsis
- White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on brain MRIs are indicators of small vessel disease and preclinical neurological disorders, but current knowledge on their genetic influences is limited, especially regarding low-frequency and rare coding variants.
- A study involving over 20,000 stroke and dementia-free adults explored the genetic contributions to WMH by analyzing a mix of common and low-frequency variants across different ethnic backgrounds.
- The research found significant associations with common variants in several genes (like TRIM65) and identified novel low-frequency variants in MRPL38, suggesting that both common and rare genetic factors play a role in WMH burden, despite limitations in replication of findings.
Background And Purpose: We evaluated whether basilar dolichoectasia is associated with markers of cerebral small vessel disease in younger transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke patients.
Methods: We used data from the SIFAP1 study (Stroke in Young Fabry Patients), a large prospective, hospital-based, screening study for Fabry disease in young (<55 years) transient ischemic attack/stroke patients in whom detailed clinical data and brain MRI were obtained, and stroke subtyping with TOAST classification (Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) was performed.
Results: Dolichoectasia was found in 508 of 3850 (13.