Phase 2/3 Trial of Molnupiravir for Treatment of Covid-19 in Nonhospitalized Adults.

BACKGROUND: Safe and effective oral treatments are needed to improve clinical outcomes for nonhospitalized patients with Covid-19. Molnupiravir is an orally administered, small-molecule ribonucleoside prodrug shown to inhibit replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in vitro and in animal models. METHODS: MOVe-OUT is an ongoing, phase 2/3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluating the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of molnupiravir in nonhospitalized adults.

Molnupiravir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19 in Nonhospitalized Patients.

Background: New treatments are needed to reduce the risk of progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Molnupiravir is an oral, small-molecule antiviral prodrug that is active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment with molnupiravir started within 5 days after the onset of signs or symptoms in nonhospitalized, unvaccinated adults with mild-to-moderate, laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 and at least one risk factor for severe Covid-19 illness.

[Flow cytometry evaluation of the rhesus monkey cellular immunity following the Zaire ebolavirus (Filoviridae; Ebolavirus: Zaire ebolavirus) experimental infection].

Introduction: The outbreaks of the Zaire ebolavirus (ZE) disease (ZED) that have arisen in the last decade determine the need to study the infection pathogenesis, the formation of specific immunity forming as well as the development of effective preventive and therapeutic means. All stages of fight against the ZED spread require the experimental infection in sensitive laboratory animals, which are rhesus monkeys in case of this disease .The aim of the study is to evaluate the rhesus monkey cellular immunity following the ZE experimental infection by the means of flow cytometry (cytofluorimetry).

[Markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension exposed to occupational irradiation of low intensity].

Aim To study the association between concentrations of endothelial dysfunction (ED) markers and arterial hypertension (AH) in people who were exposed to long-term action of "low-dose" ionizing radiation.Material and methods The study subjects were men of middle age (45-55 years) who were workers of the Siberian Integrated Chemical Plant with the length of service on the shop floor of at least 5 years. The subjects were divided into the main group (n=96) consisting of workers with grade 1-2 AH and the control group (n=48) consisting of arbitrarily healthy workers.

Nucleocytoplasmic distribution of S6K1 depends on the density and motility of MCF-7 cells .

The ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is one of the main components of the mTOR/S6K signal transduction pathway, which controls cellular metabolism, autophagy, growth, and proliferation. Overexpression of S6K1 was detected in tumors of different origin including breast cancer, and correlated with the worse disease outcome. In addition, significant accumulation of S6K1 was found in the nuclei of breast carcinoma cells suggesting the implication of kinase nuclear substrates in tumor progression.

Barttin Regulates the Subcellular Localization and Posttranslational Modification of Human Cl/H Antiporter ClC-5.

Dent disease 1 (DD1) is a renal salt-wasting tubulopathy associated with mutations in the Cl/H antiporter ClC-5. The disease typically manifests with proteinuria, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and nephrolithiasis but is characterized by large phenotypic variability of no clear origin. Several DD1 cases have been reported lately with additional atypical hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis and hyperaldosteronism, symptoms usually associated with another renal disease termed Bartter syndrome (BS).

[Assessment of the efficacy of mexidol in the combination with hyperbaric oxygen in acute ischemic stroke].

To study the efficacy of mexidol in the combination with hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in comparison with the standard HBO sessions in patients with acute ischemic stroke. One hundred and twelve patients were examined. In the main group, 48 patients underwent HBO and received treatment with mexidol.

Comparison of symmetric and asymmetric double quantum well extended-cavity diode lasers for broadband passive mode-locking at 780 nm.

We present a compact, mode-locked diode laser system designed to emit a frequency comb in the wavelength range around 780 nm. We compare the mode-locking performance of symmetric and asymmetric double quantum well ridge-waveguide diode laser chips in an extended-cavity diode laser configuration. By reverse biasing a short section of the diode laser chip, passive mode-locking at 3.

Development of a compact optical absolute frequency reference for space with 10 instability.

We report on a compact and ruggedized setup for laser frequency stabilization employing Doppler-free spectroscopy of molecular iodine near 532 nm. Using a 30 cm long iodine cell in a triple-pass configuration in combination with noise-canceling detection and residual amplitude modulation control, a frequency instability of 6×10 at 1 s integration time and a Flicker noise floor below 3×10 for integration times between 100 and 1000 s was found. A specific assembly-integration technology was applied for the realization of the spectroscopy setup, ensuring high beam pointing stability and high thermal and mechanical rigidity.

[THERMAL STABILITY AS A PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR OF CONSERVATION OF LIVE EMBRYONIC SMALLPOX VACCINE (TEOVAC) DURING STORAGE].

Aim: Determination of values of coefficients of thermal stability of TEOVac for prognosis of conservation of the vaccine (specific biological activity) during the process of warranty period storage.

Materials And Method: TEOVac (masticatory tablets) in primary packaging was kept at increased temperature (accelerated and stress-tests) and at the conditions established by PAP for the preparation (long-term tests). Biological activity of the vaccine was determined by titration on 12-day chicken embryos.

Direct terrestrial test of Lorentz symmetry in electrodynamics to 10(-18).

Lorentz symmetry is a foundational property of modern physics, underlying the standard model of particles and general relativity. It is anticipated that these two theories are low-energy approximations of a single theory that is unified and consistent at the Planck scale. Many unifying proposals allow Lorentz symmetry to be broken, with observable effects appearing at Planck-suppressed levels; thus, precision tests of Lorentz invariance are needed to assess and guide theoretical efforts.

Frequency characteristics of an inherently stable Nd:YAG laser operated at liquid helium temperature.

We report on frequency measurements of a free-running Nd:YAG laser operating at temperatures down to 6.5 K using a femtosecond laser frequency comb. Due to lower thermal expansion and thermo-optic effects as well as reduced electron-phonon interactions in Nd:YAG at cryogenic temperatures, a laser frequency stability on the order of 10(-11) at tau < or = 30s has been achieved.

[Exfoliative cytological diagnosis of lung cancer with bronchoscopic material].

Analysis of the results of exfoliative cytological diagnosis of lung diseases from fibrobronchoscopic materials in the presence of the affected bronchial mucosa made it possible to verify lung cancer in 75.9% of cases and to give a descriptive reply due to the fact that cytological specimens were of no diagnostic value. Further examinations of transthoracic puncture specimens and clinical and X-ray findings of patients from the latter group could reveal an inflammatory process in two thirds of cases and peripheral lung cancer in a third.

High-resolution Doppler-free molecular spectroscopy with a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator.

We present a reliable, narrow-linewidth (100-kHz) continous-wave optical parametric oscillator (OPO) suitable for high-resolution spectroscopy applications. The singly resonant OPO with a resonated pump is based on periodically poled lithium niobate crystal and features a specially designed intracavity etalon, which permits precise tuning to any desired wavelength in a wide range. We demonstrate Doppler-free spectroscopy of a rovibrational transition of methane at 3.

Tests of relativity by complementary rotating Michelson-Morley experiments.

We report relativity tests based on data from two simultaneous Michelson-Morley experiments, spanning a period of more than 1 yr. Both were actively rotated on turntables. One (in Berlin, Germany) uses optical Fabry-Perot resonators made of fused silica; the other (in Perth, Australia) uses microwave whispering-gallery sapphire resonators.

Combination of a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator and a femtosecond frequency comb for optical frequency metrology.

We combined a tunable continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator and a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser frequency comb to provide a phase-coherent bridge between the visible and the mid-infrared spectral ranges. As a first demonstration of this new technique we performed a direct frequency comparison between an iodine-stabilized Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm and an infrared methane optical frequency standard at 3.39 microm.

Test of the isotropy of the speed of light using a continuously rotating optical resonator.

We report on a test of Lorentz invariance performed by comparing the resonance frequencies of one stationary optical resonator and one continuously rotating on a precision air bearing turntable. Special attention is paid to the control of rotation induced systematic effects. Within the photon sector of the standard model extension, we obtain improved limits on combinations of 8 parameters at a level of a few parts in 10(-16).

Experimental immunotherapy of mice with transplanted MC-rhabdomyosarcoma resistant to doxorubicin.

Aim: To compare the sensitivity of doxorubicin (DOX) sensitive and DOX-resistant MC-rhabdomyosarcoma (MC-RMS) cells to the action of lymphokine-activated cells (LAC).

Results: In vitro investigations showed that LAC received from the fraction of adherent lymphocytes possess the highest activity against DOX-resistant tumor cells, and LAC from lymphocytes of total pool--against DOX-resistant tumor cells pretreated with DOX at a low dose. Adoptive immunotherapy of MC-RMS in vivo showed the highest efficacy in the cases of LAC intratumoral injection and the one combined with intraperitoneal administration of DOX at a low dose (increase of survival time by 14% and 25%, respectively).

Histological validation of diagnoses of thyroid cancer among adults in the registries of Belarus and the Ukraine.

In order to evaluate the diagnostic reliability of the thyroid cancers listed in adult registries from the Ukraine and Belarus, a histological review was organised of 327 randomly selected thyroid carcinoma cases diagnosed between 1980 and 1999. A final diagnosis was reached at a 5-day consensus conference by six pathologists who met around a multiheaded microscope. The study concluded with a comparison between the final diagnosis and the initial diagnosis.

Offset compensation by use of amplitude-modulated sidebands in optical frequency standards.

We present a general method for continuously measuring and compensating for offsets (due to residual amplitude modulation, parasitic resonances, or electronic offset voltages, for example) in frequency stabilization systems. The spectral power distribution of the oscillator waveform is modified by amplitude-modulated sidebands, and the error signal is corrected to null the induced periodic lock-point shifts. We demonstrate significant improvements to the frequency stability of standards based on cryogenic optical resonators and molecular iodine.

[Sex ratio in Down syndrome. Estimation of chromosome 21 non-disjunction during spermatogenesis].

Derivation of a formula for determination of proportion of paternal trisomy 21 is presented. The formula can be applied for the literature data on sex ratio in the cases of paternal and maternal origin of the extra chromosome in the populations where direct studies of its origin can not be performed.