Evaluation of emission reduction and other societal and environmental outcomes: Structured decision making for the Louisiana climate action plan.

Climate action planning continues to accelerate rapidly across the globe as communities seek to prepare to thrive in an uncertain future. Climate action planning is a particularly contentious and complex topic in the southern United States, however, because of significant economic reliance on industries that contribute substantially to greenhouse gas emissions, and due to a complicated relationship between industry and persistent racial and economic inequities that contribute to distrust between communities, businesses, and state governments. Within the last decade, research efforts have begun to evaluate approaches used to develop city, state, and national-level climate action plans, finding that planning efforts are often as diverse as the localities they represent.

Hip biomechanical alterations during walking in chronic ankle instability patients: a cross-correlation analysis.

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients often present with centrally-mediated neuromuscular adaptations. Gluteal thickness measures derived from ultrasound imaging (USI) have been correlated to hip biomechanical measures during walking among healthy individuals, however these relationships remain unexplored among CAI patients. The purpose of this study was to compare USI-derived gluteus maximus and medius thickness measures to tri-planar hip kinematics, kinetics, and gluteus medius surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude during walking among CAI patients.

Running behaviors, motivations, and injury risk during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of 1147 runners.

The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced activity behaviors worldwide. Given the accessibility of running as exercise, gaining information on running behaviors, motivations, and running-related injury (RRI) risk during the pandemic is warranted. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on running volume, behaviors, motives, and RRI changes from the year prior to the pandemic to the timeframe during social isolation restrictions.

Quantification of γ-sorbitol crystal growth rate and solubility in the presence of mannitol and maltitol.

In many confectionery systems, an understanding of crystallization behavior is essential for proper control of product texture. While this knowledge is well developed in sucrose-based systems, there is little information on controlling crystallization in sugar-free systems, such as those formulated with sorbitol. By leveraging such advances in time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) methodology, the impact of mannitol and maltitol on modulating sorbitol crystal growth in sugar-free systems.

Athlete Workloads During Collegiate Women's Soccer Practice: Implications for Return to Play.

Context: Athlete monitoring via wearable technology is often used in soccer athletes. Although researchers have tracked global outcomes across soccer seasons, little information exists on athlete loads during individual practice drills. Understanding these demands is important for athletic trainers in making decisions about return to play.

Increased Contact Time and Strength Deficits in Runners With Exercise-Related Lower Leg Pain.

Context: Exercise-related lower leg pain (ERLLP) is common in runners.

Objective: To compare biomechanical (kinematic, kinetic, and spatiotemporal) measures obtained from wearable sensors as well as lower extremity alignment, range of motion, and strength during running between runners with and those without ERLLP.

Design: Case-control study.

Validation of Foot-Strike Assessment Using Wearable Sensors During Running.

Wearable sensors are capable of capturing foot-strike positioning, which lends insight into landing biomechanics during running. The purpose of our study was to assess the relationship between foot-strike categorization and foot-strike angle during running to validate the sensor-derived foot-strike outcome. Twenty collegiate cross-country athletes (12 females, 8 males) ran at 2 speeds on an instrumented treadmill.

Gait biofeedback and impairment-based rehabilitation for chronic ankle instability.

Our purpose was to analyze the effects of 4 weeks of visual gait biofeedback (GBF) and impairment-based rehabilitation on gait biomechanics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Twenty-seven individuals with CAI participated in this randomized controlled trial (14 received no biofeedback (NBF), 13 received GBF). Both groups received 8 sessions of impairment-based rehabilitation.

Cross-correlations between gluteal muscle thickness derived from ultrasound imaging and hip biomechanics during walking gait.

Ultrasound imaging (USI) of muscle thickness offers different insights into musculoskeletal function than kinematics, kinetics, and surface electromyography (sEMG), however it is unknown how USI-derived measures correlate to traditional measures during walking. The purpose of this study was to compare USI-derived gluteus maximus (GMAX) and medius (GMED) thickness measures to tri-planar hip kinematics and kinetics, and GMED thickness to sEMG amplitude. Fourteen females walked on a treadmill at 1.

Gluteus medius dysfunction in females with chronic ankle instability is consistent at different walking speeds.

Background: Patients with chronic ankle instability often present with altered gait mechanics compared to ankle sprain copers. There is increasing evidence to suggest proximal neuromuscular alterations contribute to the injury etiology, however little is known about how these changes manifest during gait. The purpose of this study was to investigate ipsilateral gluteus maximus and medius functional activity ratios throughout treadmill walking at three speeds (preferred, 120% preferred, and 1.

Proximal Adaptations in Chronic Ankle Instability: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is known to induce impairments throughout the lower quarter kinetic chain, however there is currently no synthesized information on proximal adaptations of the trunk, hip, thigh, and knee for neuromuscular and biomechanical outcomes during strength, balance, jumping, and gait among CAI patients. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize trunk, hip, thigh and knee neuromuscular and biomechanical outcome measures during functional assessments when comparing CAI to healthy groups.

Methods: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online with PubMed databases were searched on June 3, 2019.

Ultrasound Imaging of the Gluteal Muscles During the Y-Balance Test in Individuals With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability.

Context: Impairments in dynamic postural control and gluteal muscle activation have been associated with the development of symptoms related to long-term injury, which are characteristic of chronic ankle instability (CAI). Ultrasound imaging (USI) provides a visual means to explore muscle thickness throughout movement; however, USI functional-activation ratios (FARs) of the gluteal muscles during dynamic balance exercises have not been investigated.

Objective: To determine differences in gluteus maximus and gluteus medius FARs using USI, Y-Balance Test (YBT) performance, and lower extremity kinematics in individuals with or without CAI.

Combined interventional procedure and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in a dog with cor triatriatum dexter, patent foramen ovale, and pulmonary stenosis.

A 2-year-old American Pit Bull dog was presented for surgical evaluation of imperforate cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Echocardiography identified an imperforate CTD associated with a right-to-left shunting PFO and valvular pulmonary stenosis. A 2-step interventional and surgical approach was used.

Gluteus medius activity during gait is altered in individuals with chronic ankle instability: An ultrasound imaging study.

Background: Altered gait mechanics are frequently reported in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), and increasing information suggests proximal muscle adaptations occur in this population. Ultrasound imaging (USI) offers a visual means to evaluate muscle activity during movement, and overcomes limitations of electromyography (EMG) to detect hip muscle activity.

Research Question: A descriptive laboratory study was conducted to determine if gluteus maximus (GMAX) and medius (GMED) muscle activity differed throughout gait in patients with CAI compared to healthy counterparts.

Gait-training devices in the treatment of lower extremity injuries in sports medicine: current status and future prospects.

Introduction: This review seeks to provide synthesized information on gait-training techniques and devices applied, in four of the most prevalent chronic lower extremity injuries seen in sports medicine.

Areas Covered: Comprehensive searches were performed in CINAHL and PubMed databases in April 2018 to identify gait-training articles in Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI), Exercise-Related Lower Leg Pain (ERLLP), Patellofemoral Pain (PFP), and Anterior Cruciate Ligament with Reconstruction (ACLR) populations. An investigator reviewed the articles and extracted data including study demographics, gait-training techniques, devices used, and primary gait-training outcomes.

Detection of Gluteal Changes Using Ultrasound Imaging During Phases of Gait in Individuals With Medial Knee Displacement.

Medial knee displacement (MKD) is a common risk factor for lower-extremity injury and is related to altered gluteal muscle activity. Ultrasound imaging (USI) is a reliable means to explore mechanical muscle activity; however, no information exists regarding USI of the gluteals during gait in an MKD population. To determine differences in USI gluteal muscle activity during gait in individuals with and without MKD.

Maternal and Paternal Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding Infant Pain in the NICU.

Purpose: To investigate parents' knowledge, self-efficacy, and satisfaction about infant pain in the NICU.

Design And Sample: A survey was conducted, and 80 parents (57 mothers and 23 fathers) participated in the study.

Main Outcome Variable: A researcher-developed questionnaire composed of 3 dimensions: parents' knowledge about infant pain, perception of self-efficacy regarding infant pain, and satisfaction with infant pain management.

Common Questions About the Pharmacologic Management of Depression in Adults.

One in 11 U.S. adults currently meets diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, and a similar number report that they have taken an antidepressant medication in the past 30 days.

Cardiorespiratory responses to table tennis in low-fit coronary patients and implications for exercise training.

Racquet sports may evoke excessive aerobic and/or cardiac demands for many coronary patients with impaired cardiorespiratory fitness. We evaluated the cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses to table tennis in clinically stable patients with coronary disease. Low-risk cardiac men (n = 10, mean ± SD, age = 67.

Neonatal nurses' perceptions of pain management: survey of the United States and China.

Despite growing knowledge, neonatal pain remains unrecognized, undertreated, and generally challenging. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted to investigate neonatal nurses' perceptions, knowledge, and practice of infant pain in the United States and China, including 343 neonatal nurses (American nurses [n = 237]; Chinese nurses [n = 106]). Nurses' responses regarding neonatal pain reflected adequate knowledge in general pain concepts, but knowledge deficits related to several topics were found (e.

Audiocardiography in the cardiovascular evaluation of the morbidly obese.

Morbid obesity is believed to limit cardiovascular auscultation. We compared audiocardiography to senior attending physicians using conventional stethoscopes in 190 individuals with morbid obesity. Overall, there were 128 (67.

Acute cardiac effects of marathon running.

We sought to clarify the significance of cardiac dysfunction and to assess its relationship with elevated biomarkers by using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in healthy, middle-aged subjects immediately after they ran 26.2 miles. Cardiac dysfunction and elevated blood markers of myocardial injury have been reported after prolonged strenuous exercise.

Cardiorespiratory responses to maximal arm and leg exercise in national-class marathon runners.

Marathon runners (MR) are among the most aerobically fit athletes in the world. Although aerobic capacity (VO(2)max) during arm exercise generally varies between 64% and 80% of leg VO(2)max (mean 70%) in healthy men, few data are available regarding the comparative arm fitness of MR. To clarify the relationship between arm and leg fitness in MR, we studied 10 national-class MR (mean + or - standard deviation age 30 + or - 4 years) whose best marathon times averaged < 2 hours and 40 minutes.