A child with recurrent headache, fever and diffuse meningeal enhancement on MRI.

Juvenile neurolupus presents primarily with neuropsychiatric manifestations which may also be the initial presentation. Such primary neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) events are a consequence either of microvasculopathy and thrombosis, or of autoantibodies and inflammatory mediators. Diagnosis of NPSLE requires the exclusion of other causes, and clinical assessment directs the selection of appropriate investigations.

A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study to Validate Insulin Sensitivity Index Cut-Offs for Detection of Metabolic Syndrome in Indian Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes.

Background: A previous study compared insulin sensitivity indices for the detection of double diabetes (DD) in Indian adolescents with type-1 diabetes (T1D) and derived a cut-off to predict future risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents with T1D. We conducted the current study with the aim to validate these cut-offs for detecting DD among Indian subjects with T1D from various geographical locations.

Methods: This multicentric cross-sectional study included 161 Indian adolescents with T1D.

Cardiac Evaluation in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated With COVID-19.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is notorious for its cardiac involvement. We present a single center data of 71 children, of which 57.7% had myocarditis and 26.

[Effects of soil meso- and micro-fauna on litter decomposition under nitrogen deposition and rainfall changes].

Soil fauna are important regulators of litter decomposition and nutrient transformation. Nitrogen deposition and rainfall changes driven by global changes could affect litter decomposition by changing environment and soil faunal community. Different mesh size (2 mm and 0.

Development and initial validation of a composite disease activity score for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objective: To develop a composite disease activity score for systemic JIA (sJIA) and to provide preliminary evidence of its validity.

Methods: The systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (sJADAS) was constructed by adding to the four items of the original JADAS a fifth item that aimed to quantify the activity of systemic features. Validation analyses were conducted on patients with definite or probable/possible sJIA enrolled at first visit or at the time of a flare, who had active systemic manifestations, which should include fever.

A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments.

The current outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) started in China in December 2019 and has since spread to several other countries. On March 25, 2020, a total of 375,498 cases had been confirmed globally with 2,201 cases in Brazil, showing the urgency of reacting to this international public health emergency. While in most cases, mild symptoms are observed, in some cases the infection leads to serious pulmonary disease.

Early Initiation of Steroid-sparing Drugs in Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is conventionally treated with steroids, prolonged usage of which maybe deleterious and disease often recurs on tapering. We initiated hydroxy-chloroquine and azathioprine early in treatment along with steroids in seven children with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, and observed that early introduction of second line immunosuppressants helped in reducing disease flare and steroid toxicity without serious adverse effects.

Effects of exogenous nitrogen input and water change on litter decomposition in a desert grassland.

Under the background of global climate change, atmospheric nitrogen deposition and precipitation are undergoing substantial changes, which leads to an uncertainty on litter decomposition in desert grassland. The experiment was set up with a split-plot design. There were three precipi-tation treatments, including natural precipitation, an increase of 30% and a decrease of 30%, and four levels of nitrogen application, including 0 (N), 30 (N), 50 (N) and 100 kg·hm·a (N).

Two cases of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity reaction in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis (CF), which is associated with bronchi colonized by the fungus Aspergillus species, most often Aspergillus fumigatus. ABPA is an important consideration for asthmatics that do not respond to asthma management or with recurrent chest infections and deteriorating lung function in children with cystic fibrosis. We present two cases of non CF bronchiectasis associated with ABPA who presented to our hospital with recurrent hospitalisations of undiagnosed aetiology.

Forward blocking depends on retrospective inferences about the presence of the blocked cue during the elemental phase.

When a compound cue AT is followed by an outcome (AT+), human participants will judge the relation between cue T and the outcome to be less strong if A alone was previously paired with the outcome (A+). According to the probabilistic contrast model, such a blocking effect is due to the fact that participants regard the A+ trials as trials on which A and the outcome are present but T is absent. The results of two studies showed that when the status of T was ambiguous during the A+ trials, judgments about T depended on subsequent information about the presence of T during the A+ trials.

Pressure ulcer surface area measurement using instant full-scale photography and transparency tracings.

Background And Purpose: An essential element in pressure ulcer management is the assessment of wound healing through measurement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of measuring pressure ulcers using instant full-scale photography combined with transparency tracings.

Subjects: 26 patients in 3 long-term-care facilities.

New insights into the structure-function relationships and therapeutic applications of cholera-like enterotoxins.

Cholera toxin and E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin are structurally homologous proteins comprised of an enzymatically active A-subunit and five B-subunits that bind with high affinity to GM1-ganglioside receptors found on the surface of mammalian cells. The B-subunits have long been thought of simply as trafficking vehicles that trigger entry and subsequent delivery of the 'toxic' A-subunit into cells.

Validation using sensitivity and target transform factor analyses of neural network models for classifying bacteria from mass spectra.

Temperature constrained cascade correlation networks (TCCCNs) are computational neural networks that configure their own architecture, train rapidly, and give reproducible prediction results. TCCCN classification models were built using the Latin-partition method for five classes of pathogenic bacteria. Neural networks are problematic in that the relationships among the inputs (i.

Finding a dominance order most consistent with a linear hierarchy: a new procedure and review.

A procedure for ordering a set of individuals into a linear or near-linear dominance hierarchy is presented. Two criteria are used in a prioritized way in reorganizing the dominance matrix to find an order that is most consistent with a linear hierarchy: first, minimization of the numbers of inconsistencies and, second, minimization of the total strength of the inconsistencies. The linear ordering procedure, which involves an iterative algorithm based on a generalized swapping rule, is feasible for matrices of up to 80 individuals.