Differential microRNA expression in the SH-SY5Y human cell model as potential biomarkers for Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene; the exact pathogenesis of HD currently remains unclear. One of the promising directions in the study of HDs is to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the development and role of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to identify the profile of miRNAs in an HD human cell line model as diagnostic biomarkers for HD.

Interactions of piRNAs with the mRNA of Candidate Genes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Recently, a database of human piRNAs (piwi-interacting RNAs) was created, which allows the study of the binding of many piRNAs to the mRNAs of genes involved in many diseases, including cancer. In the present work, we identified the piRNAs that can interact with candidate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) genes. The binding of 480 thousand piRNAs with the mRNAs of 66 candidate ESCC genes was studied.

Endogenous piRNAs Can Interact with the Omicron Variant of the SARS-CoV-2 Genome.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which caused the COVID-19 pandemic, can still infect populations in many countries around the globe. The Omicron strain is the most mutated variant of SARS-CoV-2. The high transmissibility of the strain and its ability to evade immunity necessitate a priority study of its properties in order to quickly create effective means of preventing its spread.

piRNA and miRNA Can Suppress the Expression of Multiple Sclerosis Candidate Genes.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common inflammatory demyelinating disease with a high mortality rate. MS is caused by many candidate genes whose specific involvement has yet to be established. The aim of our study was to identify endogenous miRNAs and piRNAs involved in the regulation of MS candidate gene expression using bioinformatic methods.

In Silico Study of piRNA Interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 Genome.

A prolonged pandemic with numerous human casualties requires a rapid search for means to control the various strains of SARS-CoV-2. Since only part of the human population is affected by coronaviruses, there are probably endogenous compounds preventing the spread of these viral pathogens. It has been shown that piRNA (PIWI-interacting RNAs) interact with the mRNA of human genes and can block protein synthesis at the stage of translation.

Bioinformatics Analysis of the Interaction of miRNAs and piRNAs with Human mRNA Genes Having di- and Trinucleotide Repeats.

The variability of nucleotide repeats is considered one of the causes of diseases, but their biological function is not understood. In recent years, the interaction of miRNAs and piRNAs with the mRNAs of genes responsible for developing neurodegenerative and oncological diseases and diabetes have been actively studied. We explored candidate genes with nucleotide repeats to predict associations with miRNAs and piRNAs.

Identification of Bovine miRNAs with the Potential to Affect Human Gene Expression.

Milk and other products from large mammals have emerged during human evolution as an important source of nutrition. Recently, it has been recognized that exogenous miRNAs (mRNA inhibited RNA) contained in milk and other tissues of the mammalian body can enter the human body, which in turn have the ability to potentially regulate human metabolism by affecting gene expression. We studied for exogenous miRNAs from that are potentially contain miRNAs from milk and that could act postprandially as regulators of human gene expression.

Evolutionary Changes in the Interaction of miRNA With mRNA of Candidate Genes for Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibits the second-highest rate of mortality among neurodegenerative diseases. PD is difficult to diagnose and treat due to its polygenic nature. In recent years, numerous studies have established a correlation between this disease and miRNA expression; however, it remains necessary to determine the quantitative characteristics of the interactions between miRNAs and their target genes.

Predicting Associations of miRNAs and Candidate Gastric Cancer Genes for Nanomedicine.

Nanoscale miRNAs regulate the synthesis of most human proteins involved in differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and other processes associated with the growth and the development of an organism. miRNAs also play a number of important roles in the development of gastric cancer. In this work, we studied the quantitative characteristics of miRNA interactions with 69 candidate gastric cancer genes using bioinformatics approaches.

Prediction of miRNA Interactions With Candidate Atherosclerosis Gene mRNAs.

The involvement of genes and miRNAs in the development of atherosclerosis is a challenging problem discussed in recent publications. It is necessary to establish which miRNAs affect the expression of candidate genes. We used known candidate atherosclerosis genes to predict associations.

In silico prediction of human genes as potential targets for rice miRNAs.

Background: Exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) enter the human body through food, and their effects on metabolic processes can be considerable. It is important to determine which miRNAs from plants affect the expression of human genes and the extent of their influence.

Method: The binding sites of 738Oryza sativa miRNAs (osa-miRNAs) that interact with 17 508 mRNAs of human genes were determined using the MirTarget program.

Prediction of clusters of miRNA binding sites in mRNA candidate genes of breast cancer subtypes.

The development of breast cancer (BC) subtypes is controlled by distinct sets of candidate genes, and the expression of these genes is regulated by the binding of their mRNAs with miRNAs. Predicting miRNA associations and target genes is thus essential when studying breast cancer. The MirTarget program identifies the initiation of miRNA binding to mRNA, the localization of miRNA binding sites in mRNA regions, and the free energy from the binding of all miRNA nucleotides with mRNA.

The Binding Sites of miR-619-5p in the mRNAs of Human and Orthologous Genes.

Background: Normally, one miRNA interacts with the mRNA of one gene. However, there are miRNAs that can bind to many mRNAs, and one mRNA can be the target of many miRNAs. This significantly complicates the study of the properties of miRNAs and their diagnostic and medical applications.

miR-1279, miR-548j, miR-548m, and miR-548d-5p binding sites in CDSs of paralogous and orthologous PTPN12, MSH6, and ZEB1 Genes.

Only PTPN12, MSH6, and ZEB1 have significant miR-1279 binding sites among paralogous genes of human tyrosine phosphatase family, DNA mismatch repair family, and zinc finger family, respectively. All miRNA binding sites are located within CDSs of studied mRNAs. Nucleotide sequences of hsa-miR-1279 binding sites with mRNAs of human PTPN12, MSH6, and ZEB1 genes encode TKEQYE, EGSSDE, and GEKPYE oligopeptides, respectively.

miR156- and miR171-binding sites in the protein-coding sequences of several plant genes.

We identified the interaction sites of several miRNAs with the mRNAs from paralogs and orthologs of the SPL and HAM genes in A. thaliana. miRNAs from the miR156 and miR157 families in A.